ZINC SPECTROSCOPY USING NUCLEAR DOUBLE RESONANCE

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：调查人员将 我国首台生物物理锌光谱测定仪的研制 样本。锌是金属离子中最重要的过渡金属离子之一 也是最难发现的生物之一。它是第二大 生物中继铁之后普遍存在的过渡金属离子。除了锌之外 在各种酶的活性部位和作为结构元素的作用 在另一些情况下，锌在蛋白质中起主导作用(所谓的“锌指”)。 它们通过直接相互作用控制遗传信息流 与核酸(DNA和RNA)结合。调查员建议研究锌 光谱上使用鱿鱼探测到的核四重双共振。 锌在光谱上是无声的。它只以一种氧化态存在 在生物学中--即具有d(10)填充壳层的锌(II)态 配置。因此，它在光学上是无声的和抗磁性的，因此 电子顺磁共振(EPR)或变场都检测不到 磁性圆二色(CD)，或磁化率。核子 核磁共振(MRI)检测锌是困难的，因为它的两个最大的 流行的同位素具有零核自旋，而第三种(67)锌具有核 旋转5/2，丰度为4%。这种低丰度的四核 需要专门的核磁共振技术，而这些技术还不是常规可用的 在生化或生物物理研究界。这个 调查员将应用这些专门技术来建立一个新的 年首次以光谱方式检测锌的光谱仪 生物物理样本。 其他具有重要生物学意义的核，可以用同样的 仪器包括：(2)H，(14)N，(23)Na，(17)O，(25)mg，(33)S，(35)C1， (37)C1、(39)K、(43)Ca、(51)V、(59)Co、(63)Cu、(65)Cu、(55)Mn、(95)Mo、 (97)Mo和(127)I。因此，拟议的文书有可能 在生物分子结构的广泛研究中使用。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): The investigators will develop the first instrument to detect Zinc spectroscopically in biophysical samples. Zinc (Zn) is one of the most important transition metal ions in biology and one of the most difficult one to detect. It is the second most prevalent transition metal ion in biology after iron. In addition to Zn's role at the active site of a variety of enzymes and as a structural element in others, Zn plays a dominant role in proteins (so-called 'Zn fingers') which control the flow of genetic information through direct interactions with the nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). The investigator proposes studying Zn spectroscopically using SQUID-detected nuclear quadruple double resonance. Zinc is spectroscopically silent. It is found in only one oxidation state in biology - namely the Zn(II) state which has a d(10) filled shell configuration. Thus, it is optically silent and diamagnetic, and therefore undetectable by either electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), variable field magnetic circular dichroism (CD), or magnetic susceptibility. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detection of Zn is difficult because its two most prevalent isotopes have zero nuclear spin while the third (67)Zn has nuclear spin 5/2 with an abundance of 4%. Quadruple nuclei of this low abundance require specialized NMR techniques which are not yet routinely available within the biochemical or biophysical research communities. The investigator will apply these specialized techniques to build a new spectrometer capable of detecting Zn spectroscopically for the first time in biophysical samples. Other biologically important nuclei which could be studied using the same instrument include: (2)H, (14)N, (23)Na, (17)O, (25)Mg, (33)S, (35)C1, (37)C1, (39)K, (43)Ca, (51)V, (59)Co, (63)Cu, (65)Cu, (55)Mn, (95)Mo, (97)Mo, and (127)I. The proposed instrument therefore has the potential for use in a broad range of structural studies of biological molecules.