MEDIAL FRONTAL CORTEX IN INTENTIONAL ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：语言 脑损伤和脑疾病患者常出现脑功能障碍。 的 为这种语言障碍开发有效的治疗方法需要 了解语言的神经基础和相关的 功能协调发展的 意图是准备回应，对所有人都很重要 包括语言在内的活动。 文献表明 不同的神经系统在有意的过程中 从内部知识库中检索信息， 有意的过程包括对外部刺激的简单反应，例如 重复 此外，用于生成语言的信息的性质 可能会影响哪些系统参与完成任务。 当前 该提案计划探索内侧额叶皮层的作用和位置 涉及语言表达的意图方面，使用功能 磁共振成像（fMRI）。 据推测， 额叶皮层参与有意的语言活动， 从内部知识库中检索将位于主导位置， 额内侧回，就在辅助运动区（SMA）的前面， 在这个皮层正下方的沟内 这个皮层 与参与行动计划的前额叶皮层相连，而不是SMA， 与发动机结构有着更直接的联系 此外，这个皮层是 与前扣带回的边缘皮层不同。 为 重复涉及复制外部信息，它是 假设SMA参与，因为重复只是需要 产生正确的运动活动和序列来复制 刺激。 最后，假设内侧额叶皮层是 只有在产生单词时才参与语言反应的产生 而不是当产生无意义的音节时。 最终，任务和 本研究中涉及的程序可用于研究有意活动 因脑损伤或疾病而导致语言障碍的患者。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): Language disturbance is common in persons with brain injury and disease. The development of effective treatments for such language disturbances requires an understanding of the neurological bases of language and related functions. Intention is preparation to respond and is important for all activities, including those involving language. The literature suggests that different neural systems are engaged when intentional processes involve retrieval of information from internal knowledge stores versus when intentional processes involve simple responses to external stimuli, such as repetition. Further, the nature of information used to generate language may affect which systems are engaged to accomplish the task. The current proposal plans to explore the role and location of the medial frontal cortex involved in the intentional aspects of language expression using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). It is hypothesized that the medial frontal cortex involved in intentional language activities requiring retrieval from internal knowledge stores will be located in the dominant medial frontal gyrus, just anterior to supplementary motor area (SMA) and within the sulcus directly inferior to this cortex. This cortex is more connected to prefrontal cortex involved in action planning than SMA, which is more directly connected to motor structures. Further, this cortex is distinguishable from the limbic cortex of anterior cingulate gyrus. For repetition which involves replicating external information, it is hypothesized that SMA is involved because repetition simply requires producing the correct motor activities and sequences to replicate the stimulus. Finally, it is hypothesized that medial frontal cortex is involved in generation of language responses only when words are generated and not when meaningless syllables are generated. Eventually, the tasks and procedures involved in this study can be used to study intentional activity in patients with language impairment because of brain injury or disease.