Islam in Greece: religious identity and practice among indigenous Muslims and Muslim immigrants

拟议的18个月的研究将探讨宗教认同和实践的社会文化进程，以及承认希腊土著和移民穆斯林的政治。作为一个最近才开始吸引大规模移民的国家，包括越来越多的来自穆斯林国家的移民，同时在色雷斯东北地区收容了土著穆斯林少数群体，希腊为探索与伊斯兰教在欧洲的存在和作用有关的进程、政策和做法提供了一个有趣的案例研究。该项目将建立在我们之前关于希腊少数民族和移民的工作的基础上，并将具体审查雅典穆斯林在正式、方言和象征层面上体验、感知、谈判和组织宗教认同和实践的方式。特别是，我们试图探索在正式和非正式礼拜场所、宗教仪式和符号以及日常做法、表达方式和关系方面的此类经验、看法和谈判。重点将放在雅典的两个特定穆斯林群体上：最近抵达的巴基斯坦移民(他们构成希腊最大的穆斯林移民社区)和来自色雷斯土著少数民族的国内穆斯林移民。这种比较的理由是，需要对“移民”和“少数民族”进行综合说明，以便了解宗教作为集体认同的“标志”的作用，这些不同群体之间的互动模式，以及它们在希腊正在进行的关于伊斯兰教的辩论中的地位。从这个意义上说，我们的研究还将探讨在一个国家的公共领域承认穆斯林身份的政治问题，这个国家的民族神话基本上是构建在反对(奥斯曼帝国/土耳其)穆斯林“他人”的基础上的，而且(东正教)在法律上没有从国家中分离出来。这项研究将有助于在欧盟扩大到拥有本土穆斯林人口的国家之际，围绕伊斯兰教在欧洲的地位正在进行的辩论，对移民融合的政策担忧日益加剧，特别是以穆斯林为中心，以及部分涉及全球恐怖主义政治的歧视性和排他性框架。我们之前的申请被评为A+，我们被邀请重新提交。我们正在就这一专题开展初步工作，并考虑到审查员的意见，因此对原文进行了修订，以纳入在此期间出现的问题。特别是，正如一位审查员(审查ID：150497)所建议的那样，我们已经将PI的时间百分比从80%降至60%，将Co-I的时间百分比从60%降至40%。我们将通过定性方法和分析工具的组合来探索我们对希腊穆斯林的创新描述，包括访谈、观察性研究、相关学术文献回顾、新闻文章和官方统计数据。该项目将建立在研究团队在研究希腊移民和穆斯林少数民族方面的经验和专业知识的基础上，并将受益于已经与雅典社区组织建立的联系。预计这一专题将提出敏感问题，涉及一些参与者的法律地位和边缘地位，因此伦理方面的考虑在开展实地研究时将是至关重要的。这项研究将产生与学术相关的产出，以及与希腊穆斯林社区组织相关的产出。

The proposed 18 month study will explore socio-cultural processes of religious identification and practice and the politics of recognition of indigenous and migrant Muslims in Greece. As a country that has only recently began to attract large scale immigration, including growing numbers of migrants from Muslim countries, while at the same time hosting an indigenous Muslim minority at the North-East region of Thrace, Greece provides an interesting case study for exploring processes, policies and practices relating to the presence and role of Islam in Europe. The project will build on our previous work on minorities and migrants in Greece and will specifically examine the ways through which religious identity and practice are experienced, perceived, negotiated and organised by Muslims in Athens, at formal, vernacular and symbolic levels. In particular, we seek to explore such experiences, perceptions and negotiations with respect to formal and informal places of worship, religious rituals and symbols, as well as everyday practices, expressions and relations.The focus will be on two specific Muslim groups in Athens: recently-arrived Pakistani immigrants (who constitute the largest Muslim migrant community in Greece) and internal Muslim migrants from the indigenous minority of Thrace. The rationale for this comparison responds to a need for integrated accounts of 'migrants' and 'national minorities', in order to understand the role of religion as a 'marker' of collective identification, the patterns of interaction between these distinct groups and their place within ongoing debates on Islam in Greece. In that sense, our study will also address the politics of recognition of Muslim identities in the public sphere of a country whose national myth is essentially constructed in opposition to the (Ottoman/Turkish) Muslim 'Other' and where the (Orthodox) Church is not legally separated from the State. The research will contribute to ongoing debates surrounding the place of Islam in Europe, at a time of EU enlargement towards countries with indigenous Muslim populations, of growing policy concerns about immigrants' integration centred particularly upon Muslims, and of discriminatory and exclusionary frameworks partly referring to global politics of terrorism. Our previous application was graded A+ and we were invited to resubmit. The original version has been revised to include issues arisen in the meantime through our ongoing preliminary work on the topic and to take into account the reviewers' comments. In particular, as suggested by one of the reviewers (Review ID: 150497), we have lowered our percentage of time from 80% to 60% for the PI and from 60% to 40% for the Co-I. Our innovative account of Muslims in Greece will be explored through a combination of qualitative methodologies and analytical tools, including interviews, observational studies, review of relevant academic literature, press articles and official statistics. The project will build on the research team's experience and expertise in researching immigrants and the Muslim minority in Greece, and will benefit from the links already established with community organisations in Athens. The topic is expected to raise sensitive issues, related to some participants' legal status and marginality, thus ethical considerations will be of paramount importance in carrying out the fieldwork research. The study will produce outputs of academic relevance, as well as outputs relevant to Muslim community organisations in Greece.