Transcultural Critical Editing: Vernacular Poetry in the Burgundian Netherlands, 1450-1530

在中世纪晚期，大多数低地国家由勃艮第公爵和他们的哈布斯堡继承者统治。由于这个原因，该地区通常被称为“勃艮第荷兰”，该地区拥有充满活力的文化，包括法语和荷兰语的文学。许多历史学家认为，法语版本的作品主要为公爵及其贵族随从所消费，而荷兰语版本的作品主要面向城市商人阶层。然而，最近的研究表明，说法语和荷兰语的人在一些重要的方面相互作用。（例如，说荷兰语的印刷商用法语出版书籍，而荷兰戏剧公司参加法语戏剧节，反之亦然。）这个项目将提高我们对这种相互作用的理解。这不仅将使众多的荷兰勃艮第学者受益，也将使跨文化关系等相关领域的学术研究人员受益。我们将通过编辑1450-1530年期间法语和荷兰语社区之间的诗歌，来阐明该地区法语和荷兰语社区之间的交流。这将包括从手稿和早期印刷书籍中抄写诗歌；指出每首诗的不同来源如何呈现不同的版本，并确定哪些版本是最好的；并提供介绍，解释性注释和语言词汇表，这些构成了学术版本的正常“设备”。我们的仪器将特别关注文化之间的相互作用，注意到从另一种语言借用语言和风格等特征。我们将编辑每一种语言的一位特别重要的作家的作品，他的诗歌迫切需要一个新的版本——安东尼斯·德·鲁韦（1482年荷兰语）和让·莫里内（1435-1507年法语）——以及一本两种语言的诗歌选集，关于该地区的时事，以前没有被编辑过。整个语料库将包括300-320首不同长度的诗歌，从几行到大约20页（很少有作品比这更长；绝大多数在20到200行之间）。将在选集和De Roovere版中提供英文译本，使非专业人士更容易获得。除了制作这些版本，我们还将邀请荷兰勃艮第地区的专家参加一个关于该地区跨文化关系的会议。在这里，我们将展示我们正在进行的编辑发现，被邀请的参与者将展示他们自己对这个主题的研究。该活动将帮助我们在专家审查的基础上开发版本，同时也确保它们为该领域的其他研究提供信息。会议上的论文将被收集成一本书出版。我们的研究还将为更广泛的公众提供一幅中世纪欧洲的不同图景，比通常认为的更多样化，更尊重其他语言和社区。我们将在曼彻斯特举办一个展览，并为通俗历史杂志（如《纽约时报》）撰写有关我们主题的文章，以达到公众的目的。“今日历史”)。我们的工作将基于一个由经验丰富的学术编辑组成的国际团队的合作，其中两名在英国，三名在欧洲大陆。每个小组成员都是那个时期荷兰或法国文学的专家，可以阅读另一种语言的学术著作。我们每个人都会用自己专业的语言编辑文本，但我们会分享我们的发现，并通过报告我们的阅读、提交草稿以供在线论坛讨论、以及在定期团队会议上讨论彼此的工作来汇集我们的技能。（在线论坛还将包括一个公共部分，让更广泛的学术和非学术公众了解我们的工作。）通过这种方式合作，我们将在我们正在编辑的诗歌中识别出跨文化元素。因此，每个版本都将利用整个团队在法语和荷兰语文化方面的专业知识。

In the late Middle Ages, most of the Low Countries was ruled by the Dukes of Burgundy and their Hapsburg successors. Often termed 'the Burgundian Netherlands' for this reason, the region boasted a dynamic culture, including literature in both French and Dutch. Many historians have assumed that works in French were largely consumed by the Dukes and their aristocratic entourage, while those in Dutch were aimed at urban merchant classes. Recent research, however, has suggested that French- and Dutch-speakers interacted in some significant ways. (Dutch-speaking printers published books in French, for example, while Dutch theatre companies took part in French-language drama festivals and vice-versa.) The project will improve our understanding of this interaction. It will benefit not only the numerous scholars of the Burgundian Netherlands, but also academic researchers in related fields such as cross-cultural relations.We will shed light on the exchange between the region's French- and Dutch-language communities by editing poetry produced by each community in the period 1450-1530. This will involve transcribing poems from manuscripts and early printed books; indicating how the various sources of each poem present different versions, and identifying which versions are best; and supplying the introductions, explanatory notes, and linguistic glossaries that make up the normal 'apparatus' for scholarly editions. Our apparatus will pay particular attention to the interaction between cultures, noting features such as linguistic and stylistic borrowing from the other language. We will edit work by a particularly important author in each language, whose poetry badly needs a new edition - Anthonis de Roovere in Dutch (d. 1482) and Jean Molinet in French (1435-1507) - as well as an anthology of poems in both languages, about current affairs in the region, which have not previously been edited. The total corpus will comprise 300-320 poems of different lengths, from a few lines to around twenty pages (a very few pieces are longer than this; the vast majority range between 20 and 200 lines). English translations will be supplied in the anthology and the De Roovere edition, to make them more accessible to non-specialists.Besides producing the editions, we will invite experts on the Burgundian Netherlands to a conference about the region's cross-cultural relations. Here we will present our ongoing editorial findings, and the invited participants will present their own research on the subject. The event will help us develop the editions on the basis of specialist scrutiny, while also ensuring that they inform other research in the field. Papers from the conference will then be collected for publication in a book.Our research will also benefit a wider public by offering a different picture of medieval Europe, more diverse and respectful of other languages and communities than is generally supposed. We will reach this public by holding an exhibition in Manchester, and by writing articles on our subject for popular history journals (e.g. 'History Today') in different countries.Our work will be based on collaboration by an international team of experienced scholarly editors, two in the UK and three key collaborators based in mainland Europe. Each team member is a specialist in Dutch or French literature of the period, and can read scholarly work in the other language. We will each edit texts in the language of our own specialism, but will share our findings and pool our skills by reporting on our reading, submitting drafts for discussion to an online forum, and discussing each other's work at regular team meetings. (The online forum will also include a public portion, to inform wider academic and non-academic publics of our work.) By working together in this way, we will identify cross-cultural elements in the poems we are editing. Hence each edition will draw on the entire team's expertise in French-and Dutch- language cultures.