Multi-dimensional quantum-enabled sub-THz Space-Borne ISAR sensing for space domain awareness and critical infrastructure monitoring - SBISAR

用于空间域感知和关键基础设施监测的多维量子亚太赫兹星载 ISAR 传感 - SBISAR

• 批准号: EP/Y022092/1
• 负责人: Marina Gashinova
• 金额: $ 206.43万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FY022092%2F1
• 关键词: Multi; dimensional; quantum; enabled; sub

We live in increasingly connected world, reliant on ubiquitous digital infrastructure of increasing reach and complexity, and integration of terrestrial and space communication and sensing networks to gather, share and exchange information in a persistent way without natural barriers has already started. Higher levels of inter-reliability of the services require fast and actionable automatic assessment of physical infrastructure to detect potential anomalies. The explosive growth of Earth-orbiting satellite populations in protected LEO and GEO regions exacerbates the risk of disruption from either impact with space objects or debris, or hostile activity intended to re-purpose the satellite or its whole network using spawned objects. This research lays the foundation for a new capability for multi-perspective monitoring of dynamic environments, using quantum enabled space-borne inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imagery. It will use sub-THz scattering from multi-scale manmade objects and clusters of debris to generate a library of scattering characteristics of satellite descriptors and deployables, and develop robust deep-learning classification and recognition approaches for anomaly detection and characterization. The technology will make the most of the advantages for in-orbit monitoring from space, including:- The elimination of atmospheric absorption and attenuation, and thus the need for high power transmission to compensate for large propagation losses over large distances, inherent to ground based systems. - The shorter operational ranges and the absence of atmospheric adverse phenomena allow use of high frequencies (above 100 GHz) able to deliver unprecedented resolution of radar imagery with a compact sensor. - The diversity of accessible vantage points provided by 3D observation trajectories from space. This delivers currently missing object observation from viewing aspects not available from the ground, as well as reconstruction of multi-temporal or multi-perspective 2D and 3D imagery.The data from these multi-dimensional observations will enable end-to-end segmentation and classification, in particular, anomalies in appearance or behaviour. The project's ambitious goal is to undertake multi-disciplinary fundamental and applied studies to enable innovative sensing for space infrastructure monitoring by use of space-based multi-dimensional Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) operating in the sub-terahertz region (Sub-THz). Such technology will be able to deliver co-operative Space Domain Awareness (CoSDA) based on quantum-enabled distributed space-borne radar, which can be a game changer for monitoring and protection of high value assets. The system will be able to track potential hazards, image and characterize the space residents at ranges and from aspects unavailable from Earth, and with a resolution unachievable from Earth, to deliver additional dimensionality of data to existing Space Situational Awareness (SSA) electro-optical sensors and ground-based radar (GBR). The technology builds a strong foundation for ensuring the future safety and security of highly interconnected autonomous systems.

我们生活在一个联系日益紧密的世界，依赖于无处不在的数字基础设施，其覆盖范围和复杂性不断增加，地面和空间通信和传感网络的整合已经开始，以持续的方式收集，共享和交换信息，没有自然障碍。服务的更高水平的相互可靠性要求对物理基础设施进行快速和可操作的自动评估，以检测潜在的异常情况。在受保护的低地轨道和地球同步轨道区域，地球轨道卫星数量的爆炸性增长加剧了空间物体或碎片撞击造成的破坏风险，或者加剧了旨在利用衍生物体改变卫星或其整个网络用途的敌对活动造成的破坏风险。这项研究为利用量子星载逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）图像对动态环境进行多角度监测的新能力奠定了基础。它将利用来自多尺度人造物体和碎片群的亚太赫兹散射生成卫星描述符和可部署物的散射特征库，并开发用于异常检测和表征的强大的深度学习分类和识别方法。该技术将充分利用空间在轨监测的优势，包括：-消除大气吸收和衰减，从而消除对高功率传输的需求，以补偿地面系统固有的长距离大传播损失。- 较短的操作范围和没有大气不利现象允许使用高频（100千兆赫以上），能够提供前所未有的分辨率的雷达图像与紧凑的传感器。- 从太空进行3D观测的轨迹提供了可访问的Vantage的多样性。这提供了目前从地面无法获得的观察方面进行的缺失物体观测，以及多时间或多视角2D和3D图像的重建。这些多维观测的数据将能够进行端到端的分割和分类，特别是外观或行为的异常。该项目的宏伟目标是开展多学科基础研究和应用研究，以便能够利用在亚太赫兹区域工作的天基多维逆合成孔径雷达进行空间基础设施监测的创新传感。这种技术将能够提供基于量子分布式星载雷达的合作空间域感知（CoSDA），这可以成为监控和保护高价值资产的游戏规则改变者。该系统将能够跟踪潜在的危险，对空间居民进行成像和定性，其距离和方位在地球上无法达到，分辨率在地球上无法达到，为现有的空间态势感知电光传感器和地基雷达提供更多维度的数据。该技术为确保高度互联的自治系统的未来安全性奠定了坚实的基础。