Generating Justice: The social, legal, political and ethical issues of ensuring justice across generations.

该项目将探讨确保代际公正的社会、法律的、政治和道德问题。它将研究正义对当代人的要求，对过去几代人的要求，以及后代人的要求。它的独特性和独创性在于它将在三个不同的领域审查这些问题：刑事、赔偿和社会正义。这样做的目的是了解每一代人所面临的具体问题，并从这些问题之间的比较中吸取教训，因此，关键的研究问题是：（1）当代人对前几代人所遭受的不公正负有什么责任，特别是在北方爱尔兰等冲突后社会的背景下？(2)我们应该如何理解和评估社会、经济优势和劣势的代际传递？(3)在社会化和家庭教育的似是而非的理论中，对当代人的不法行为的法律的责任的正确理解是什么？该项目是跨学科的，将利用贝尔法斯特女王大学哲学、法律、政治、犯罪学、教育和社会学等学科的工作人员。在该项目的三个领域具有专门知识的主要学者将被邀请参加相关活动。其中包括：安东尼达夫教授（法律，斯特林和明尼苏达州）;教授约翰加德纳（法律，牛津）;教授西蒙·卡尼（政治学，牛津）;教授梅芙库克（哲学，大学学院都柏林）;安德鲁多布森教授（《政治学》，基尔）;蒂姆海沃德教授（政治学，爱丁堡）;教授汤姆洛奇（政治与公共管理，利默里克）;教授马特Matravers（政治学，约克）;大卫欧文教授（社会和政治哲学，南安普顿）;（鲁珀特里德教授（哲学，东安格利亚大学）;安德鲁沙普教授（政治学，埃克塞特）（政治学，沃里克）; Sypros Sypros教授（社会学和人类学，欧洲大学，塞浦路斯）。该项目将采取六个讲习班的形式，三个领域各两个，最后一次会议旨在汇集研讨会讨论的线索，并面向进一步研究的设计。六个研讨会的设想如下：冲突后的司法（1）对过去的不公正的责任（回顾）：谁应该支付，以及如何，为上一代的不公正？我们现在如何纪念过去的错误，还有什么地方需要赔偿、和解和宽恕？(2)对未来正义的责任（展望）：当代人如何能够和应该如何避免重复过去的不公正？儿童和青年作为文化遗产和特性的“监护人”，其作用是什么？（3）在过去的背景下当代人的犯罪（I）：对刑事责任的适当考虑是否可以和是否应该考虑到家庭情况和父母的不当行为？(4)当代背景下的当代犯罪（二）：我们能否让父母为子女的行为承担间接责任？如何理解儿童的刑事责任？（5）代际社会正义（I）：当代人对后代人负有什么义务，特别强调环境随时间退化的问题？(6)代际社会正义（二）：我们应该如何理解和评价家庭在传递优势和劣势方面的作用？最后一次会议将题为“生成正义：代际正义问题”。研讨会将由应邀讲者就六个次主题中的每一个主题发表主题演讲，并由来自昆士兰大学的受访者发表意见。

This project will explore the social, legal, political and ethical issues of ensuring justice across generations. It will examine what justice requires of the present generation, what can be claimed against past generations, and what can be demanded by future generations. Its distinctive character and originality lies in the fact that it will examine these issues in three distinct areas: of criminal, reparative, and social justice. It will do so with a view both to understanding what problems are particular to each and to learning from comparisons between them.Thus the key research questions are:(1) What are the responsibilities of the current generation for the injustices of previous generations, especially in the context of post-conflict societies such as Northern Ireland? (2) How should we understand and evaluate the transmission of social, economic advantage and disadvantage across generations? (3) What is the proper understanding of legal liability for the wrongdoing of the present generation within a plausible theory of socialisation and familial education?The project is interdisciplinary and will draw on staff at Queen's University Belfast from the subjects of Philosophy, Law, Politics, Criminology, Education and Sociology. Leading academics with expertise in the three areas of the project will be invited to attend the relevant events. These include: Professor Antony Duff (Law, Stirling and Minnesota); Professor John Gardner (Law, Oxford);Professor Simon Caney (Politics, Oxford); Professor Maeve Cooke (Philosophy, University College Dublin); Professor Andrew Dobson (Politics, Keele); Professor Tim Hayward (Politics, Edinburgh); Professor Tom Lodge (Politics & Public Administration, Limerick); Professor Matt Matravers (Politics, York); Professor David Owen (Social and Political Philosophy, Southampton); (Professor Rupert Read (Philosophy, University of East Anglia); Professor Andrew Schaap (Politics, Exeter); Professor Adam Swift (Politics, Warwick); Professor Sypros Sypros (Sociology and Anthropology, European University, Cyprus).The project will take the form of six workshops, two in each of the three areas, and a final conference designed to draw together the threads of the workshop discussions and oriented to the design of further research.The six workshops are envisaged as follows:POST-CONFLICT JUSTICE(1) Responsibilities for past injustice (Looking back): Who should pay, and how, for the injustices of the previous generation? How do we now memorialise the wrongs of the past and what place is there for reparation, reconciliation and forgiveness?(2) Responsibilities for future justice (Looking forward) : How can and how should the present generation avoid repeating the injustices of the past? What is the role of children and young people as 'custodians' of cultural heritages and identities that dispose to continuing conflict?INTER-GENERATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE(3) The crimes of the present generation within the context of the past (I): can and should a proper account of criminal liability take account of family circumstances and parental misconduct?(4) The crimes of the present generation within the context of the present (II): can we hold parents vicariously liable for the behaviour of their children? How should we understand the criminal responsibilities of children?THE INHERITANCE OF SOCIAL INJUSTICE(5) Intergenerational social justice (I): what is owed by the current generation to future generations, with particular emphasis upon the problem of environmental degradation across time?(6) Intergenerational social justice (II): how should we understand and evaluate the role of the family in the transmission of advantage and disadvantage?The final conference will be entitled 'Generating Justice: The Problem of Intergenerational Justice'. It will comprise keynote addresses from invited speakers on each of the six sub-themes with respondents drawn from QUB.