"Niches for Organic Territories in Bio-Augmented Design" - NOTBAD

如何将有益的微生物融入建筑物中，以鼓励积极的健康益处，并阻止建筑物居住者，使用者和设计师可能存在的潜在美学或文化异议？这是本项目要解决的主要问题。“生物增强设计中的有机领域利基”- NOTBAD是一个跨学科的研究提案，汇集了一个在建筑，微生物学和抗菌素耐药性（AMR）方面具有专业知识的团队。该项目将探索一种新的方法，通过逆转灭菌的概念来防止AMR微生物的传播，并鼓励其他良性、有益的微生物的生长，从而在竞争中战胜它们。这将从概念验证研究开始开始，以开发有益的生物感受性混凝土作为室内材料，接种芽孢杆菌，通过防止AMR病原体的传播来减少AMR负担。这是该项目的主要目标的起点，该项目旨在改变目前对清洁的态度和对微生物的负面影响，以便将来在建筑中应用这些生物材料，走向健康的建筑。微生物学的进步和对人类微生物组的更好理解正在改变医学领域对丰富的微生物多样性对健康的效用的看法。医学界现在警告说，过度使用抗生素也会杀死有益的微生物，从而有利于耐药菌株的形成。随着我们对建筑环境微生物组的理解通过科学研究得到改善，越来越清楚的是，建筑物的设计，包括材料选择和空间设计，在栖息空间的微生物类型中发挥着重要作用。然而，目前，我们设计和建造建筑的方式并没有发生类似的观点转变。目前对微生物的负面态度和对清洁的偏好是历史和文化上根深蒂固的。细菌理论的接受和世纪的卫生革命促进了清洁和卫生作为疾病的解决方案。建筑物及其表面被视为微生物的滋生地。灰尘和污垢意味着疾病，这一切都成为现代主义运动对清洁的痴迷的驱动力，这种痴迷至今仍然盛行，并且是当前对微生物的所有态度的关键因素。随着设计师和建筑师开始将微生物组视为设计过程的一部分，需要转变观念，以扭转目前存在的“面面俱到”的心态，促进和保持微生物多样性，作为减少AMR负担的战略，并对健康有潜在的好处。在项目期间，我们将进行迭代设计研究，并采用科学方法来探索可行性，要求，在建筑物中培养有益细菌的环境壁龛和美学。这项工作的跨学科性质和向广泛受众的传播将是确保科学知识和数据的翻译能够为设计者所理解和使用的一个步骤。这有助于确保可以定义新的设计过程，考虑我们建筑物内微生物的构成，重要的是设计人类/微生物相互作用的有益水平。最终成果将是一系列论文，一个包含复制和开发工作细节的Wiki项目，以及一个包含活的有益微生物材料的“生活厨房”的最终展览，作为激发我们对微生物和健康理解的改变的试验台。

How can beneficial microbes be physically integrated into buildings in such a way as to encourage positive health benefits and discourage potential aesthetic or cultural objections that building occupants, users and designers might have? This is the primary question this project aims to address. "Niches for Organic Territories in Bio-Augmented Design" - NOTBAD, is an interdisciplinary research proposal that brings together a team with expertise in architecture, microbiology and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The project will explore a novel approach towards preventing the spread of AMR Microbes by reversing the notion of sterilisation and encouraging the growth of other benign, beneficial microbes that serve to outcompete them. This will begin with a proof of concept study to develop beneficial bioreceptive concrete as an indoor material which is inoculated with Bacillus spps that reduces AMR burden by preventing the spread of AMR pathogens. This serves as a starting point for the main aim of the project which gears towards changing current attitudes toward cleanliness and negative associations with microbes for future application of such living materials within architecture, towards healthy buildings.Advances in microbiology and improved understanding of the human microbiome is resulting in a change of opinion on the utility of a rich microbial diversity towards health within the medical field. The medical community now warns that overprescribing antibiotics also kills beneficial microbes which benefits the formation of resistant strains. As our understanding of the built environment microbiome improves through research in the sciences, it is becoming clear that the design of buildings, including material choice and spatial design plays a large role in the types of microorganisms that inhabit spaces. Yet currently, a similar shift in opinion has not occurred in the way we design and construct our buildings. Current negative attitudes to microbes and a preference for cleanliness are historically and culturally engrained. The acceptance of germ theory and the hygiene revolution of the 19th Century promoted cleanliness and hygiene as the solution to disease. Buildings and their surfaces were seen as breeding grounds for microbes. Dust and dirt meant illness, which all together became a driver of the modernist movement's obsession with cleanliness that still prevails today and is a key factor in the current kill all attitude to microbes. As designers and architects begin to consider the microbiome as part of the design process, as shift in perception is needed in order reverse the kill-all mentality that currently exists and to promote and maintain microbial diversity as a strategy to reduce AMR burden and as potentially beneficial for health.During the project we will undertake iterative design research alongside scientific methodologies to explore the feasibility, requirements, environmental niches and aesthetics for growing beneficial bacteria in buildings. The interdisciplinary nature of the work and dissemination to wide ranging audiences will be a step towards ensuring that translation of the scientific learning and data can become understandable and useable by designers. This serves to ensure that new design processes can be defined that consider the constitution of the microbes within our buildings and importantly design for beneficial levels of human/microbial interaction. The final outcomes will be a series of papers, a project Wiki with details for reproducing and developing the work and a final exhibition of a "Living Kitchen" containing materials with living, beneficial microbes as a test bed for instigating change in our understanding of microbes and health.