From colonisers to refugees: narratives and representations of the French settlers of Algeria.

该项目考察了难民移民和殖民历史的交集，这两个问题都是当代法国公共生活中有争议的问题。它主要关注1962年从阿尔及利亚作为难民大批遣返法国的法国殖民定居者，它将揭示法国当前最紧迫的社会问题的根源，展示定居者如何成为地中海更悠久、相互关联的历史的一部分，其中文化问题定义了难民的经历和东道国社会的反应。这是第一次用英语系统地研究阿尔及利亚的法国定居者的代表和他们的代表，在一个关系框架内加入定居者殖民主义、难民和侨民研究领域。此外，它将汇集学者、艺术家和专业人士，比较分析阿尔及利亚定居者与逃离前定居者殖民地的难民的经历，以及战后德国、安哥拉、前南斯拉夫和最近从叙利亚越过地中海的难民的情况。现在迫切需要以可获取的形式对被迫移徙的经验进行基于证据的学术分析，以促进公众的理解，研究结果将在各种可获取的媒体上广泛传播。1962年被遣返的移民社区一直是一个强大的政治游说团体，呼吁对法国的殖民历史进行积极评估，即使在今天，这在法国也是一个敏感的话题。为了充分把握殖民时代对当今社会的影响，还必须了解这些人口的关系，因为他们不可能不容易分类。他们是法国公民，但许多人没有法国血统，从未去过法国；他们被视为剥削成性的殖民者，但大多数主要是工人阶级，后来成为难民；他们是白人天主教徒，但操着北非方言，因此受到法国内地人的怀疑。该项目将通过两个不同研究领域的棱镜来审视社区，以解决这个矛盾的维度：1)定居者殖民主义，这是一个新兴的主要以英语为母语的研究领域，很少应用于法国殖民历史；2)难民和被迫移民研究，强调流离失所后的社区身份是由东道国接受和流亡的经历塑造的。这也将在更广泛的时间框架内进行探讨，从欧洲各地的先驱对阿尔及利亚的殖民，到二十世纪欧洲的强制移民，再到目前的地中海移民危机。该项目将1)绘制和评估阿尔及利亚定居者殖民文化在法国主流文化中的痕迹；2)确定影响移民难民和收容社会移民经历的背景和相关因素；3)将阿尔及利亚移民的遣返置于更广泛的地中海移民背景下。这将通过对一系列文化表现形式的跨学科分析来实现，包括证人证词、文学、电影、图画小说、自传、印刷媒体、纪录片、竞选网站和音乐，以检查这个社区如何理解他们自己的经历以及东道国的反应。该项目引领了定居者殖民研究新兴领域的发展，也为难民和被迫移民的研究提供了新的方向，为民族认同、记忆、侨民、怀旧、国家权威和政治暴力、创伤、忧郁、恐怖主义、宗教和记忆的代际传播等问题的学术研究做出了贡献。与一系列博物馆、艺术、地方政府和学术合作伙伴和从业者合作，产出将向公众传达前定居者和难民的背景证词，目的是促进对移民和融合经验的理解。

The project examines the intersection of refugee migration and colonial history, both contentious issues within contemporary French public life. Focusing primarily on the French colonial settlers from Algeria repatriated en masse to France as refugees in 1962, it will expose the roots of France's most urgent current social issues, demonstrating how the settlers are part of a longer, connected history of the Mediterranean, in which questions of culture define the experience of refugees and the response of host societies. This is the first systematic study in English of representations of and by the French settlers of Algeria in a relational framework joining the fields of settler colonialism, and refugee and diaspora studies. Furthermore, it will bring together academics, artists and professionals to analyse comparatively the experiences of Algeria's settlers together with refugees fleeing former settler colonies and post-war situations in Germany, Angola, ex-Yugoslavia, and those having recently crossed the Mediterranean from Syria. Evidence-based academic analysis of the experiences of forced migration presented in an accessible form is now urgently needed to foster public understanding, and the findings will be widely disseminated in a broad range of accessible media.The community of settler origin repatriated in 1962 has been a powerful political lobby in calling for a positive assessment of the nation's colonial past, a sensitive subject in France even today. To fully grasp the impact of the colonial past on present-day society, this population must also be understood relationally, as they cannot be not easily categorised. They were French citizens but many had non-French origins and had never visited France; they were regarded as exploitative colonisers, but most were primarily working-class who became refugees; they were white Catholics but spoke a North African patois and were regarded with suspicion by French mainlanders. The project will address this paradoxical dimension by examining the community through the prism of two distinct fields of study: 1) settler colonialism, a burgeoning field of primarily Anglophone study which has been little applied to French colonial history; and 2) refugee and forced migration studies, which emphasise that the post-displacement identity of a community is shaped by the experience of host country reception, and exile. This will also be explored in a broader timeframe from the colonization of Algeria by pioneers from across Europe, through the forced migrations of twentieth-century Europe, to the current Mediterranean migrant crisis. The project will 1) map and evaluate the traces of Algerian settler colonial culture within mainstream French culture; 2) identify the contextual and relational factors which shape the experience of migration for both settler refugees and the host society and 3) set the repatriation of Algerian settlers within a wider context of Mediterranean migration. These will be achieved through interdisciplinary analysis of a range of cultural representations including witness testimony, literature, film, graphic novels, autobiography, print media, documentary, campaigning websites and music in order to examine how this community make sense of their own experiences, and the host country's response. The project leads the development of the emerging field of settler colonial studies, and also provides new directions in studies of refugees and forced migrants, contributing to scholarship on questions of national identity, memory, diaspora, nostalgia, state authority and political violence, trauma, melancholy, terrorism, religion, and intergenerational transmission of memory. Working with a range of museum, artistic, local government and academic partners and practitioners, the outputs will communicate the contextualised testimonies of former settlers and refugees to the public, with the aim of fostering understanding of the experiences of migration and integration.