NEURAL CONTROL OF VETEBRATE INGESTIVE BEHAVIOR

本研究旨在阐明神经控制中所起的作用。 通过传入、传出和内部机制在不同的地方进食 鸟类大脑的水平。作为第一步，时空变化的研究 已经使用高速执行进食的组织 电影摄影，以澄清感官决定因素的 行为。个体摄食反应在摄食中的模式 在感觉和动机变量的控制下的比赛一直是 在长期和短期条件下学习。解剖学和 电生理程序已经被用来定义和表征 参与控制饲料和饲料的结构网络 神经行为研究已有助于阐明它们的功能 对进食行为的贡献。这些研究表明， 三叉神经系统在鸟类摄食行为的神经控制中的作用 比较研究已经证实，这一制度在 对哺乳动物进食行为的控制。未来的研究是设计的 为了阐明控制鸽子进食的传出机制， 以抓取反应为行为起点 吃东西。鸟喙肌的中心代表将是 使用解剖标记技术(HRP)和类似技术确定 将用于阐明与最终公共路径相关的下行路径 喙的运动机制。将使用行为测试程序 将“抓取”行为置于实验控制之下，并对两者进行分析 它的视觉和体感运动控制。神经行为程序将 被用来识别参与神经传出控制的神经结构 并描述它们在这一行为中扮演的角色。三、分析了 在鸽子的进食过程中，神经控制是一种“模型” 用于研究脊椎动物的摄食行为。它也是 有望提供操作型和自成型型的神经控制数据 反应、视觉运动机制与行为最终共同路径 机械装置。

This research is designed to clarify the role played in the neural control of feeding by afferent, efferent and internuncial mechanisms at various levels of the avian brain. As a first step, studies of the spatio-temporal organization of eating have been carried out using high speed cinematography in order to clarify the sensory determinants of the behavior. The patterning of individual feeding responses into feeding bouts under the control of sensory and motivational variables has been studied under both long and short term conditions. Anatomical and electrophysiological procedures have been used to define and characterize a network of structures involved in the control of feeding and neurobehavioral studies have served to clarify their functional contribution to feeding behavior. These studies have implicated the trigeminal system in the neural control of avian feeding behavior and comparative studies have confirmed that this system plays a similar role in the control of mammalian ingestive behavior. Future studies are designed to clarify the efferent mechanisms controlling feeding in the pigeon, taking as a behavioral starting point the grasping response used in eating. The central representation of the avian beak muscles will be determined using anatomical marker techniques (HRP) and similar techniques will be used to clarify descending pathways related to final common path mechanisms for beak movements. Behavioral testing procedure will be used to bring "grasping" behavior under experimental control and analyse both its visual and somatosensorimotor control. Neurobehavioral procedures will be used to identify neural structures involved in the efferent control of feeding and characterize their role in this behavior. Analysis of the neural control of feeding in the pigeon is intended to serve as a "model system" for the study of vertebrate ingestive behavior. It is also expected to provide data on neural control of operant and autoshaped responses, visuomotor mechanisms and behavioral final common path mechanisms.