Social inequalities in the creative economy over time and place: connecting workforce, programming and consumption

创意经济通常因其对经济的贡献而受到称赞，其形式包括创造就业机会、夜间经济、文化旅游和知识产权。它有助于在城市更新、教育和软实力外交以及生活质量和生活满意度方面的政策和实践。它被誉为社会流动性的驱动力，以及对劳动力精英制度的进步和信念。然而，研究也揭示了这幅图景中的重大排除：创造性劳动力在社会阶层出身、性别和种族方面表现出严重的不平等。此外，现有研究表明，尽管英国社会结构发生了巨大变化，但从1981年到2011年，工人阶级出身的人进入创意经济劳动力的可能性很低，这一点没有显著变化。文化消费也根据社会阶层和民族进行了很大程度的分层。在公共、政策和产业界中，那些创造和委托文化的人缺乏代表性是持续辩论的主题。文化投资的地理分布也存在严重的不平等。这项研究以AHRC最近资助的项目为基础，依次在三个相互关联的工作包中探索创意经济被排除在外的每个方面：-工作包一将探索黑人和少数民族(BAME)群体的观众成员与文化机构节目编制的关系，他们如何感觉这些机构代表他们的文化，以及这与他们的整体文化生活有何关系。我将分析这与他们自己的社会阶层和教育是如何相互作用的，这是文化参与的传统预测因素。-工作包二将通过分析搬迁人员的文化参与情况，探讨文化消费如何与人们生活的地方联系在一起：搬到文化服务或文化服务较多或较少的地区，或其他衡量文化强度的指标，如何影响人们报告的文化生活？这与我们所知的影响人们是否参与文化活动的因素有何关系，例如教育和被视为儿童？之前的研究发现，那些参加某个场馆的概率较低的人，受到当地缺乏这样做的机会的负面影响更大。-工作方案三将对创造性就业的社会流动性如何在地理上有所不同有更细微的理解，将苏格兰与英格兰进行比较，并将那些在伦敦以外长大的人与在首都长大的人进行比较。此外，我将寻求人们离开创意劳动力的高比率的解释，以更好地理解在创意经济中保持职业生涯的障碍。这一奖学金是建立在之前与观众机构成功合作的基础上的，观众机构是一个创意部门支持组织，处于观众与场地之间关系研究的中心。它与一个新的独立研究组织--城镇中心合作，该中心提供学术研究和分析，以支持英国各地城镇的生存和繁荣。每个伙伴组织将对研究设计阶段作出贡献(分别侧重于工作包1和2)，将提供关于方案和可操作性的咨询意见，提供对其开发的数据的获取，以及通过将研究纳入至少一个活动来传播和产生影响的平台，并将出版一份总结研究结果的面向公众的报告。此外，观众代理机构还将为招募参与观众研究的场所提供建议和进入网络。

The creative economy is often celebrated for its contribution to the economy, in the form of job creation, the night-time economy, cultural tourism, and intellectual property. It contributes to policy and practice in terms of urban regeneration, education, and soft power diplomacy, as well as quality of life and life satisfaction. It is feted as being a driver for social mobility, and for the progressiveness and belief in meritocracy of the workforce. However, research has also revealed the significant exclusions from this picture: the creative workforce demonstrates substantial inequalities in terms of social class origin, gender and ethnicity. Moreover, existing research has demonstrated the low chances people from working class origins have of entering the creative economy workforce did not change significantly between 1981 and 2011, despite huge changes in the social structure of English society. Cultural consumption too is strongly stratified according to social class and ethnic group. The lack of representativeness amongst those that that create and commission of culture is the subject of sustained debate in public, policy and industry circles. There are also important inequalities in the geographical distribution of cultural investments.This research builds on recent AHRC-funded projects to explore each of these dimensions of exclusions from the creative economy in turn, in three linked work packages: - Work package one will explore the relationship of audience members from Black and Minority (BAME) ethnic groups to the programming of cultural institutions, how they feel that their culture is represented by these institutions, and how this relates to their cultural lives overall. I will analyse how this interacts with their own social class and education, traditional predictors of cultural participation. - Work package two will explore how cultural consumption is contextualised by the places that people live in, by analysing the cultural participation of those that relocate: how does moving to an area with more or fewer cultural services, or other measures of cultural intensity, affect the cultural lives that people report? How does this relate to the factors that we know affect whether people being report being culturally engaged, such as education and being taken as a child? Previous research found that those with lower probability of attending a venue are more negatively affected by a lack of local opportunities to do so. - Work package three will develop a more nuanced understanding of how social mobility into creative employment varies geographically, comparing Scotland to England and those raised outside London to those who grew up in the capital. In addition I will look for explanations of the high rates of people leaving the creative workforce, to better understand the barriers to maintaining a career in the creative economy. This fellowship builds on successful previous work with The Audience Agency, a creative sector support organisation that is at the centre of research into the relationships between audiences and venues. It partners with a new independent research organisation, the Centre for Towns, which offers academic research and analysis in support of the viability and prosperity of towns across the UK. Each partner organisation will contribute to the research design stage (focusing on work packages 1 and 2, respectively), will offer advice on protocols and operationalisation, access to data that they have developed, and a platform for dissemination and impact through inclusion of the research in at least one event, and will publish a public-facing report which summarises the research findings. The Audience Agency will in addition offer advice on and access to networks for recruiting participating venues for the audience research.