ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL TESTING OF OLFACTORY FUNCTION

阿尔茨海默病和其他疾病中嗅觉缺陷的证明 边缘系统的紊乱表明嗅觉测试可能是有用的 在这些疾病的评估中。 然而，目前没有 临床上可用的嗅觉客观测试， 由于中枢神经疾病和外周功能障碍引起的缺陷， 鼻咽疾病 这个为期五年的项目将开发 动物嗅觉功能的电生理学测量， 临床应用于神经系统疾病的评估。 具体地说， 由气味引起的嗅觉诱发电位将被记录， 大鼠、兔子和猴子的脑内和颅骨电极， 在麻醉状态下 刺激将以恒定的流量产生 目前正在运行的嗅觉仪。 初步调查显示， 讨论的潜在数据表明，该系统产生可靠的 气味特有的潜能 初步参数研究将 确认定义流速，刺激持续时间， 刺激间隔、浓度和鼻插管位置 嗅觉诱发电位 首先，仅检查乙酸戊酯 但其他气味剂的实验也将陆续进行。 嗅觉唤起了 电位将被映射到颅骨和梨状核的脑内 和内嗅皮层。 一旦建立了慢性准备， 将记录边缘系统损伤动物的电位 例如外侧嗅束横切。 取得的经验 本研究将应用于嗅觉诱发的发展， 用于临床应用的潜在人体试验。

The demonstration of olfactory deficits in Alzheimer's disease and other disorders of the limbic system suggest that olfactory tests may be useful in the evaluation of these disorders. However, there are currently no objective tests of olfaction available clinically that distinguish between deficits due to central nervous disease and peripheral dysfunction e.g., nasopharyngeal disease. This five year project will develop electrophysiological measures of olfactory function in animals that can be applied clinically in the evaluation of neurologic disease. Specifically, olfactory evoked potentials elicited by odors will be recorded from intracerebral and skull electrodes in rats, rabbits, and monkeys, initially while under anesthesia. Stimuli will be generated with a constant flow olfactometer that is currently in operation. The preliminary evoked potential data discussed demonstrate that this system yields reliable potentials specific to odors. The preliminary parametric studies will be confirmed to define the effects of flow rate, stimulus duration, interstimulus interval, concentration, and nasal cannula position on the olfactory evoked potential. At first, only amyl-acetate will be examined but experiments will follow on other odorants. The olfactory evoked potential will be mapped over the skull and intracerebrally in the piriform and entorhinal cortices. Once a chronic preparation is established, evoked potentials will be recorded from animals with lesions of the limbic system such as lateral olfactory tract transection. The experience gained from this research will be applied to the development of olfactory evoked potential testing in humans for clinical use.