Scottish Magazines Network: New Research Directions and Partnerships

1968年，在《苏格兰国际评论》（Scottish International Review）的推动下，一系列小型独立杂志在接下来的三十年里，在苏格兰文学、文化和政治领域发挥了重要的创造性作用。在苏格兰艺术委员会（Scottish Arts Council）的推动下，这些刊物以诗歌和短篇小说为特色（由政府资助），是作家、记者和活动家共同讨论苏格兰文化差异、文学复兴和民主异议的关键场所。George Kerevan在1983年的《激进的苏格兰》中写道：“政治不再局限于建制派和工党的经济修修补补议程。”文化价值代表了新的第二战场。这种“第二战线”的舞台是由《新爱丁堡评论》（1969年）、查普曼（1970年）、Crann-Tàra（1977年）、斯普林特（1978年）和塞克拉斯特斯（1979年）等刊物建立起来并逐渐扩大的。到了20世纪80年代，这些杂志对“第一”战线——选举政治领域——产生了重大影响，将苏格兰文化认同的主张和对宪法改革的要求联系在一起。回顾过去，我们可以看到，60年代后的杂志文化是一个实验室，在这个实验室里，“新”苏格兰的话语和身份被实验性地辩论、制定策略和传播。这些标题也是文学创新的关键地点，包括当时所有主要和新兴的苏格兰诗人（麦克莱恩、摩根、伦纳德、洛克黑德、杰米）的作品，詹姆斯·凯尔曼、珍妮丝·加洛韦、伊恩·克莱顿·史密斯等人的短篇小说，甚至是现代苏格兰小说的分水岭，阿拉斯代尔·格雷的《拉纳克》。同样的书集中了汤姆·奈恩、伊泽贝尔·林赛和乔治·e·戴维等思想家的重要文章和批判性介入，对女性写作的边缘化进行了有影响力的辩论，是重申苏格兰民间传统和盖尔语和苏格兰语重要性的关键场所。文学、文化和选举辩论之间的不断交叉——从一页到另一页，在同一篇文章中——是这些标题的兴趣和影响力的核心。在某种程度上，早期的“文化权力移交”过程为1999年新的苏格兰议会铺平了道路，这可以直接见证在这些杂志的写作、批评和艺术作品中，以及在围绕和通过它们形成的解释性社区和政治联盟中。对这些杂志的研究和重新发现很重要：首先，因为它们是最近苏格兰文化和政治学术研究中“缺失的一环”，是一个被忽视的舞台，在这个舞台上，文学认同和民主复兴运动相互交叉和互动。这些杂志也满足了公众对了解造就今日苏格兰的文化和知识分子的强烈需求。他们在20世纪60年代后的苏格兰文学、政治和文化生活中产生了深远的影响，但在这一时期的历史和文学研究中却被严重忽视。为了满足这些需求，我们的网络汇集了四个关键小组：-学术研究人员（从事苏格兰历史、文学、政治、出版工作）-我们目标杂志的编辑、撰稿人和读者-学生、媒体和对苏格兰最近的杂志遗产感到好奇的公众成员-通过数字化将类似杂志恢复到公众生活中的专家网络将建立必要的资源和框架，使这些杂志坚定地回到地图上。可能通过未来的数字化计划（与苏格兰国家图书馆合作）。通过我们的出版物（包括复制我们目标标题的内容和设计的味觉杂志），我们将提高这些材料的知名度，激发新的研究方向，并巩固研究领域。每个对近代苏格兰历史中文化和政治发展的交集感兴趣的人都将从这项研究和这些资源中受益。

Sparked by Scottish International (Review) in 1968, a range of small independent magazines played a major creative role in Scottish literature, culture and politics over the next three decades. Fostered by the Scottish Arts Council, these titles featured (publicly subsidised) poetry and short fiction, and were the key venue in which writers, journalists and campaigners developed a shared agenda centred on Scottish cultural difference, literary revival and democratic dissent. Writing in Radical Scotland in 1983, George Kerevan noted that 'politics is no longer confined to the Establishment and Labourist agenda of economic tinkering. Cultural values represent a new Second Front'. The arena of this 'second front' was established - and gradually expanded - by titles such as New Edinburgh Review (from 1969), Chapman (1970), Crann-Tàra (1977), MsPrint (1978) and Cencrastus (1979). By the 1980s, these magazines had significant influence on the 'first' front - the field of electoral politics - in yoking together assertions of Scottish cultural identity and demands for constitutional change. Looking back, we can see post-1960s magazine culture as the laboratory in which the discourse and identity of the 'new' Scotland was experimentally debated, strategised and disseminated. These titles were also key sites of literary innovation, featuring work by every major and emerging Scottish poet of the period (Maclean, Morgan, Leonard, Lochhead, Jamie), short fiction by James Kelman, Janice Galloway, Iain Crichton Smith, and many others, and even the watershed of the modern Scottish novel, Alasdair Gray's Lanark. The same titles featured key essays and critical interventions by thinkers such as Tom Nairn, Isobel Lindsay and George E. Davie, influential debates on the marginalisation of women's writing, and were a key venue for the reassertion of Scottish folk traditions and the importance of Gaelic and Scots. Constant crossover between literary, cultural and electoral debate - from page to page and within the same article - is central to the interest and influence of these titles. To the extent that an earlier process of 'cultural devolution' paved the way for the new Scottish parliament in 1999, it can be directly witnessed in the writing, criticism and artwork of these magazines, and in the interpretive communities and political alliances which were formed around and through them.The study and re-discovery of these magazines matters: first, because they are the 'missing link' in recent scholarship on Scottish culture and politics, the neglected arena in which movements for literary identity and democratic renewal intersect and interact. These magazines also answer the strong public appetite to understand the cultural and intellectual strands that helped to form today's Scotland. They had far-reaching impact in post-1960s Scottish literature, politics and cultural life, but they are seriously overlooked in histories and literary studies of the period. To address these needs, our network brings together four key groups: - academic researchers (working in Scottish history, literature, politics, publishing)- editors, contributors, and readers of our target magazines- students, media and members of the public curious about Scotland's recent magazine heritage- experts in restoring comparable magazines to public life through digitisationThe network will establish the resources and frameworks necessary to put these magazines firmly back on the map, potentially via a future digitisation programme (in partnership with the National Library of Scotland). Through our publications (including a taster 'megazine' reproducing the content and design of our target titles), we will boost the profile of these materials, stimulate new research directions, and consolidate the research field. Everyone interested in the intersection of cultural and political developments in recent Scottish history will benefit from this research and these resources.