2 by 2: Structuring Museums to Deliver New Digital Experiences

鉴于数字技术不断破坏和改变参观者参与和体验的参数，博物馆应该如何从组织上应对这种变化？“2 by 2”是一个为期9个月、多合作伙伴、跨学科的行动研究项目（由莱斯特大学和新奥尔良南方大学领导），旨在围绕数字领导力和技能建立一种新的跨大西洋合作伙伴关系，帮助博物馆建立组织条件，以支持社会变革时期新形式的游客体验和参与。采用基于实践的方法，该项目使用设计思维来告知其实地工作的结构和逻辑，研究人员在四个不同的博物馆环境中提供一系列行动研究干预措施-每个干预措施都作为一个“舞台”，围绕组织领导，业务流程，制度文化和专业实践的新形式来激发和理解不同的问题（和可能性）。为了完成这项工作，“2 × 2”汇集了国家专业机构和已建立的实践社区，包括领先的数字遗产学者和由八个在数字领导方面享有国际声誉的博物馆团队组成的核心小组，以及一组杰出的咨询机构-微软，英格兰艺术委员会，哈佛大学和约翰霍普金斯大学。我们的“委托合作伙伴”（美国博物馆联盟和博物馆协会）拥有广泛的专业会员基础，负责监督合作的方向，并帮助我们确定研究的战略机会。我们的“社区合作伙伴”（美国博物馆计算机网络和英国博物馆计算机组）带来了他们在全国范围内的实践社区，共同努力，帮助将项目的活动和成果分享给更广泛的“缪斯-技术”社区。然而，正是我们的“博物馆合作伙伴”处于研究的中心，为探索组织数字化能力的这些问题提供了环境和专业知识。雄心勃勃地，史密森学会（库珀休伊特史密森设计博物馆、国家航空航天博物馆、史密森美国艺术博物馆和跨组织美国妇女历史倡议）的“2对2”团队与四个“关键朋友”英国合作伙伴（科学博物馆集团、维多利亚和阿尔伯特博物馆、Amgueddfa Cymru -威尔士国家博物馆和苏格兰国家博物馆）都作为iro，担任该项目的共同调查人员。在整个项目中，四个“社区日”为一系列更广泛的选区提供了一个途径，让他们参与我们的研究见解。每一项活动（面向早期从业人员的“学习日”、面向科技公司的“演示日”、面向文化24的博物馆馆长和高管的“领导者日”、面向策展人和专业人士的“从业者日”）都有助于了解项目的发现，同时也为在这一主题领域建立凝聚力、信任和持续的合作关系奠定了基础。

Given that digital continues to disrupt and transform the parameters of visitor participation and experience, how should museums respond organisationally to deal with this change? '2 by 2' is a nine-month, multi-partner, interdisciplinary, action research project (led by the University of Leicester and Southern University at New Orleans), aiming to develop a new, sector-wide transatlantic partnership around digital leadership and skills - helping museums to build the organisational conditions to support new forms of visitor experience and participation at a time of social change. Taking a practice-based approach, the project uses a Design Thinking to inform the structure and logic of its fieldwork, with researchers delivering a series of action-research interventions in four different museum contexts - each intervention acting as a 'stage' to animate and understand different sets of issues (and possibilities) around new forms of organisational leadership, business process, institutional culture and professional practice. To deliver this work, '2 by 2' brings together national professional bodies and established communities of practice, with leading digital heritage scholars and a core group of eight museum teams with an international reputation for digital leadership, as well as an group of outstanding advising institutions - Microsoft, Arts Council England, Harvard University and Johns Hopkins University. Our 'Commissioning Partners' (the American Alliance of Museums, and Museums Association) with their extensive professional membership base, oversee the direction of the partnership and help us to identify strategic opportunities for the research. Our 'Community Partners' (the US Museum Computer Network and UK's Museums Computer Group), bring their nationwide communities of practice, working together to help share the activity and outcomes of the project to a wider 'muse-tech' community. Appropriately, however, it is our 'Museum Partners' who are at the centre of the research, providing both the environment and the expertise to explore these issues around organisational digital capability. Ambitiously, '2 by 2' pairs teams across Smithsonian Institution (at Cooper Hewitt Smithsonian Design Museum, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian American Art Museum, and the cross-organisation American Women's History Initiative) with four 'critical friend' UK partners (Science Museum Group, Victoria and Albert Museum, Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum Wales, and National Museums Scotland) all of whom, as IROs, serve as the project's Co-Investigators. Throughout the project, four 'Community Days' provide a means for a set of wider constituencies to input into our research insights. Each event (a 'Study Day' for early career practitioners; a 'Demo Day' for technology companies delivered with the Balboa Park Online Collaborative; a 'Leaders' Day' for museum directors and executives delivered with Culture24; and a 'Practitioners' Day' for curators and professionals) helps to inform the project's findings, but also lays the foundations for a cohesive, trusting, on-going partnership in this subject area.