Renewing Relations: Indigenous Heritage Rights and (Re)conciliation in Northwest Coast Canada

从大英博物馆到历史英格兰，非殖民化已经成为遗产机构和重新考虑国家遗产中的殖民遗产的关键挑战。在国际上，定居者国家正在努力解决这一问题，特别是定居者/土著关系，申请和对遗产实践的影响可以为英国的定居者提供信息和支持。2015年，加拿大真相与和解委员会(真相与和解委员会)承认了加拿大针对土著人民的文化灭绝历史，并承诺在94年的《行动呼吁》中解决这一艰难遗产。不列颠哥伦比亚省(BC)带头响应，成为加拿大第一个将《联合国土著人民权利宣言》写入法律的省份。这将联合国土著人民权利中心确立为不列颠哥伦比亚省和解的基本框架，将土著遗产权置于中心位置(通过第11、12、13和31条)。然而，到2020年2月，土著领导人宣布和解失败，以回应公元前因计划在传统无人居住的领土上修建天然气管道而举行的湿润抗议活动。这突出了土著遗产权如何与土地、资源、社会和环境正义交织在一起。(再次)调解是一个艰难的过程，需要持续的努力、时间，愿意将方法去殖民化，并与非西方的认识论、本体论和价值论接触。(Re)用括号括起来，是为了认识到往往首先需要进行调解。对公元前社区领袖和遗产专家的初步研究表明，对新法律既有希望，也有怀疑：他们会支持土著权利，还是只是口头上支持这个想法？虽然西北海岸土著遗产的各个方面以前已经被探索过，但这次联谊会将为分析带来一个新的视角。通过专注于更新关系，它将从整体上考虑这一遗产，将遗产的多个维度结合在一起，重新将人与场所、藏品、实践和环境联系起来。这项研究将探索回收、更新和(重新)浓缩遗产的不同方法，探索导致这一重大法律变化的斗争和成就的历史。这项研究的重点是(重新)联系的重要性，(重新)重新建立文化团体和遗产组织内部和之间的关系，并认识到生态系统和环境在维护和维持遗产方面的作用。至关重要的是，该项目探索了遗产对(重新)调解和非殖民化做出积极贡献的潜力。这一跨学科项目旨在为加拿大原住民遗产及其(后)殖民遗产在博物馆和英国的遗产的(重新)调解和(重新)谈判做出面向未来的贡献。

From the British Museum to Historic England, decolonisation has become a critical challenge for heritage institutions and for reconsidering colonial legacies in national heritage. Internationally, settler countries are grappling with this issue with a specific focus on settler/Indigenous relations, with applications and implications for heritage practice that can inform and support those in Britain. In 2015 Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) acknowledged a history of cultural genocide against Indigenous peoples in Canada and committed to addressing this difficult heritage in the 94 'Calls to Action'. British Columbia (BC) is leading the response, becoming the first province in Canada to enshrine United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) into law. This established UNDRIP as the foundational framework for reconciliation in BC, placing Indigenous heritage rights at the centre (via Articles 11, 12, 13, and 31). Yet by February 2020 Indigenous leaders were declaring reconciliation dead in response to the treatment of Wet'suwet'en protests in BC about natural gas pipelines planned to be built across traditional unceded territories. This highlights how Indigenous heritage rights are intertwined with land, resource, social, and environmental justice. (Re)conciliation is a difficult process that requires sustained effort, time, a willingness to decolonise approaches, and engage with non-western epistemologies, ontologies and axiologies. The (re) is bracketed in recognition that conciliation is often needed first. Preliminary research with community leaders and heritage professionals in BC indicates a mix of hope and cynicism about the new laws: will they support Indigenous rights, or simply pay lip service to the idea? While aspects of North West Coast Indigenous heritage have been explored before, this Fellowship will bring a new lens to the analysis. By focusing on renewing relations it will consider this heritage holistically, bringing together multiple dimensions of heritage, reconnecting people with places, collections, practice, and environment. The research will explore different approaches to reclaiming, renewing, and (re)conciling heritage, exploring the history of the struggles and achievements that led to this significant change in law. The research focuses on the importance of (re)connections, (re)newing relations within and across cultural groups and heritage organisations, and recognising the role of ecosystems and environment in maintaining and sustaining heritage. Crucially, the project explores the potential of heritage to positively contribute to (re)conciliation and decolonisation.This interdisciplinary project aims to make a future-oriented contribution to (re)conciliation and (re)negotiation of Indigenised heritage in Canada and its (post)colonial legacies in museums and heritage in the UK.