Virtual Heritage Futures: Navigating virtual technologies, creative industries and AI for cultural heritage in the UK and China

英国有2500家博物馆，其中1800家是经过认证和正式注册的，而英国有2389个注册档案馆，其中122个是国家档案馆，654个是本地档案馆，324个是大学档案馆，总共有4889个遗产公共机构，主要来自公共资金和游客和游客的收入。相比之下，中国的博物馆数量惊人地增长，从1978年的300家增加到2020年的3,589家，其中3,054家是国有博物馆，其中1,514家是公立博物馆，同时还有私营博物馆。中国的博物馆被划分为一级、二级和三级，但只有851家博物馆获得了认证，但它们在教育活动中非常受欢迎，2019年共组织了约334,610项活动。大多数博物馆每年举办8000多个展览，收藏超过2000万件藏品，免入场费，每年参观人数增加10亿人次。虽然创意产业和数字遗产技术在英国已经发展了几十年，但它仍然在增长，但在中国仍在快速增长。自2004年末，创意产业的概念来到中国。它在上海受到热烈欢迎，随后在北京以某种程度的谨慎被采纳。在那之后的几年里，官员、学者、从业者、企业家和开发商利用创意产业的概念以及一系列相关术语，构建了一个新兴的中国的另一种愿景。该项目将研究两国的主要研发资金计划如何推动根本性变化，在创造新的数字文化内容、数据集、虚拟旅游和用户参与博物馆和文化遗产部门的体验方面大幅增加。通过部门调查和对关键项目、伙伴关系和成功合作的案例研究，该项目将产生一系列新的数据集，分析有效的战略、新兴知识和技能，为联合王国-中国未来在数字和虚拟遗产领域的伙伴关系提供信息。诺丁汉特伦特大学建筑、城市与全球遗产中心(COUGH)的研究小组将与中国在该领域拥有国内领先研究团队和知识的主要合作伙伴合作开展这一项目，其中包括：同济大学建筑与城市规划学院；北京理工大学设计艺术学院；圆明园管理局通过联合建立文化遗产虚拟智能中心[CEUC]；以及中国交通大学通过最近成立的中英大学博物馆联盟。它将为帮助两国政府实现关键的可持续发展目标的政策、投资和支助方案作出重要贡献，这些目标着眼于创意经济、可持续城市和基础设施以及可持续保护文化遗产。

The United Kingdom is home to 2,500 museums, of which 1,800 are accredited and formally registered, whilst there are 2,389 registered archives in the UK, of which 122 are national, 654 locals, and 324 university-based, with overall total of 4,889 heritage public institutions, largely on both public funding and income generated from visitors and tourists. China, by comparison, has an incredible growth in number of museums from 300 in 1978 to 3,589 museums in 2020, of which 3,054 are state-owned museums, of which 1,514 are public, whilst 535 are private. Museums in China have been classified as First Class, Second Class and Third Class, but only 851 museums have been accredited, yet they are very popular for educational activities and approximately 334,610 activities were organised during 2019. Boosting over 8,000 annual exhibitions, over 20 million items collections, most Museums are entry fee-free and boost 1 billion visits a year. Whilst Creative industries and digital heritage technology has been growing in the UK for a few decades, it is still growing, yet at fast pace in China. Since late 2004, the concept of the creative industries arrived in China. It was warmly welcomed in Shanghai and then subsequently adopted with some degree of caution in Beijing. In the years since, officials, scholars, practitioners, entrepreneurs and developers have exploited the idea of creative industries, and a range of associated terms, to construct an alternative vision of an emerging China. The Project will study how major R&D funding programmes in both countries are driving radical change with a dramatic rise in creating new digital cultural content, datasets, virtual tours, and experiences for user engagement in the museum and cultural heritage sectors. Through sectors surveys and case studies of key projects, partnerships and successful collaborations, the project will generate a series of new datasets, analysis of effective strategies, emerging knowledge, and skillsets to inform future UK-China partnerships in the digital and virtual heritage domains. The research team of the Centre for Architecture, Urbanism and Global Heritage (CAUGH) at Nottingham Trent University, will undertake this project in collaboration with key Chinese partners with nationally-leading research team and knowledge in this field, including: Tong-Ji University's School of Architecture and Urban Planning; The School of Design & Arts at Beijing Institute of Technology; the Old Summer Palace Authority through the jointly established the CEntre of Virtual Intelligence for Cultural Heritage [CEViC]; and The Communications University of China through the recently developed China-UK University Museum Alliance. It will provide an important contribution to inform policy, investment and support programmes that help both governments address key Sustainable Development Goals in both countries, looking at Creative economy, Sustainable cities and infrastructures and, Sustainable preservation of cultural heritage.