Empowering heritage: understanding the cultural costs of South Africa's energy futures

赋予遗产权力:了解南非能源未来的文化成本

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    AH/W001381/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 25.76万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2023 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Accessible, reliable energy grids are credited as crucial to modernization in African countries, with transitions to renewable and low-carbon energy systems accompanying promises of just energy provision for all. In South Africa, democratization in 1994 brought national guarantees of energy justice and heritage justice: revitalizing African pasts long-denied by racist governments. However, building energy infrastructure to achieve development targets damages archaeological remains, producing conflict between access to power and to African pasts only recently affirmed as public resources. Across the continent, these impacts vary based on geography, energy type, and national regulations but their cumulative cultural cost remains unknown at any scale due to barriers to data availability. And as in many post-colonies, South Africa's industrial reforms compelled developers to mitigate the effects of building on archaeological sites, but this lack of accessible data has precluded any effort to evaluate the outcomes of this accountability system.This project offers an unprecedented analysis of the archaeological impacts of South Africa's energy sector through novel use of the national regulatory repository SAHRIS, chronicling how governmental and non-governmental actors have attempted to salvage the past from destruction in the service of progress. We interrogate how three decades of deregulation, privatization, and shifts to renewables have affected archaeological data at risk of loss, and shed new light on where and to whom that loss has accrued. We provide an urgently-needed assessment of the tradeoffs between energy and heritage justice as South Africa navigates an on-going crisis of blackouts and failing grids, and prepares to expand access to renewables. Energy transitions succeed or fail based partly on social factors, and in sub-Saharan Africa heritage costs have never been examined as such a factor; our groundbreaking project rectifies this gap and aims to facilitate South Africa's energy futures. We focus on South Africa's most archaeologically-rich provinces (Western Cape and Limpopo) for their wealth of heritage sites, diversity of energy types and infrastructures deployed, and long-term interventions to achieve heritage justice across rural and urban areas. This selection allows us to analyse the relationship between heritage and industry across major population centres and energy catchment areas, while locating this analysis within a detailed understanding of domestic political arenas; this complements the prevailing disciplinary model of highly localized case study.As a preliminary to more in-depth questions, we will produce a database collating all regulatory decisions from SAHRIS related to energy infrastructures in Western Cape and Limpopo since 1994. Our database will link all permitted actions within the lifespan of an energy project, enabling us to view the decision-making process from archaeological impact assessment to mitigation and salvage. For all reports, we will extract archaeological data on artefact types and time periods, buried and surface features, and human remains. Our database will permit targeted questions about the geographical distribution of archaeological impacts, the heritage costs of specific energy types and infrastructures, the frequency of different regulatory outcomes, and the vulnerabilities of different forms of archaeology. To contextualize our findings within on-going research and national priorities for heritage and development we will organize a policy workshop in Year 2. We will disseminate our finds through seminars and conferences in cross-disciplinary African Studies fora in South Africa and the UK. We will produce four publications, including a policy review paper for South Africa's heritage regulatory agency, an open access monograph with UCL Press, and articles in top archaeology and development studies journals.
可持续、可靠的能源网络被认为是非洲国家现代化的关键,向可再生和低碳能源系统过渡的同时,承诺为所有人提供公正的能源。在南非,1994年的民主化带来了能源正义和遗产正义的国家保障:复兴长期被种族主义政府否认的非洲历史。然而,为实现发展目标而建设能源基础设施破坏了考古遗迹,在获得电力和最近才被确认为公共资源的非洲历史之间产生了冲突。在整个非洲大陆,这些影响因地理、能源类型和国家法规而异,但由于数据可用性的障碍,其累积的文化成本在任何规模上都是未知的。与许多后殖民地一样,南非的工业改革迫使开发商减轻在考古遗址上建造建筑的影响,但由于缺乏可访问的数据,因此无法评估这一问责制的结果。该项目通过新颖地使用国家监管库SAHRIS,对南非能源部门的考古影响进行了前所未有的分析,记录了政府和非政府行为体如何试图挽救被摧毁的过去,以促进进步。我们询问了三十年的放松管制,私有化和转向可再生能源如何影响考古数据的损失风险,并揭示了这种损失在哪里以及对谁产生了新的影响。我们提供了一个迫切需要的评估能源和遗产正义之间的权衡南非导航停电和失败的电网持续的危机,并准备扩大可再生能源的使用。能源转型的成功或失败部分取决于社会因素,在撒哈拉以南非洲,遗产成本从未被视为这样一个因素;我们的开创性项目弥补了这一差距,旨在促进南非的能源未来。我们专注于南非考古学最丰富的省份(西开普省和林波波省),因为它们拥有丰富的遗产遗址,能源类型和部署的基础设施的多样性,以及长期干预措施,以实现农村和城市地区的遗产正义。这一选择使我们能够分析主要人口中心和能源集水区的遗产与工业之间的关系,同时将这一分析置于对国内政治舞台的详细了解中;这补充了高度本地化的案例研究的主流学科模式。作为更深入问题的预备,我们将建立一个数据库,整理自1994年以来SAHRIS有关西开普省和林波波省能源基础设施的所有监管决定。我们的数据库将链接能源项目生命周期内所有允许的行动,使我们能够查看从考古影响评估到缓解和抢救的决策过程。对于所有报告,我们将提取有关文物类型和时间段,埋藏和表面特征以及人类遗骸的考古数据。我们的数据库将允许有针对性的问题,考古影响的地理分布,特定能源类型和基础设施的遗产成本,不同监管结果的频率,以及不同形式的考古学的脆弱性。为了将我们的研究结果与正在进行的研究和国家遗产与发展优先事项结合起来,我们将在第二年组织一个政策研讨会。我们将通过在南非和英国的跨学科非洲研究论坛的研讨会和会议传播我们的发现。我们将制作四种出版物,包括南非遗产监管机构的政策审查文件,UCL出版社的开放获取专著,以及顶级考古学和发展研究期刊上的文章。

项目成果

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Rachel King其他文献

A Pilot Observational Study of Environmental Summertime Health Risk Behavior in Central Brisbane, Queensland: Opportunities to Raise Sun Protection Awareness in Australia's Sunshine State
昆士兰州布里斯班中部环境夏季健康风险行为试点观察研究:提高澳大利亚阳光之州防晒意识的机会
  • DOI:
    10.1111/php.13011
  • 发表时间:
    2018
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.3
  • 作者:
    Ben R. Dexter;Rachel King;S. Harrison;A. Parisi;N. Downs
  • 通讯作者:
    N. Downs
Exploring the relative effectiveness of functionally embodied and non-functionally embodied early literacy interventions
探索功能性体现和非功能性早期识字干预措施的相对有效性
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2019
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Rachel King
  • 通讯作者:
    Rachel King
Symbol relations training improves cognitive functioning in students with neurodevelopmental disorders
符号关系训练可改善患有神经发育障碍的学生的认知功能
  • DOI:
    10.1080/21622965.2021.1967154
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Negin Motamed Yeganeh;Rachel King;L. Boyd;G. Rose;Rachel C Weber
  • 通讯作者:
    Rachel C Weber
Teaching Archaeological Pasts in South Africa: Historical and Contemporary Considerations of Archaeological Education
Record-Making, Research, and Removal: Mitigating Impacts on Rock Art in a CRM Context in Southern Africa—the Case of the Metolong Dam, Lesotho
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s10437-021-09464-4
  • 发表时间:
    2021-11-27
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.100
  • 作者:
    Charles Arthur;Peter Mitchell;Lara Mallen;David Pearce;Adelphine Bonneau;Frans Prinsloo;Rethabile Mokachane;Pulane Nthunya;Sheriff Mothopeng;Rachel King;Jess Meyer;Luíseach Nic Eoin
  • 通讯作者:
    Luíseach Nic Eoin

Rachel King的其他文献

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