Reclaiming a Lost Past: Black British Women, Visibility and the BBC.

近年来，随着黑人生活也是运动的势头，人们越来越多地意识到英国历史的多样性，这一运动体现在BBC系列节目中，如大卫·奥卢索加的《黑人和英国人：被遗忘的历史》(BBC Two，2016)。然而，黑人女性在塑造20世纪英国社会中扮演的角色，以及它与媒体的关系，仍然经常被隐藏或忽视。找回失落的过去通过鼓励公众参与两个重要而截然不同的线索来挑战这种隐形性，这两个线索与20世纪60年代以来英国黑人女性争取在主流媒体和社会中明显代表的斗争有关。第一个连接到BBC电视和BBC广播上被大众观众看到和听到的开拓性黑人女演员；第二个连接到由BBC调解的黑人女权主义活动家政治和妇女解放。这些线索揭示了BBC在20世纪下半叶(进入21世纪)与英国黑人女性的关系的两个非常不同的方面。在从英国前殖民地大规模移民后，黑人女演员是第一批通过大众媒体体现英国国家认同的新轮廓之一。事实上，从20世纪60年代开始，BBC的主流节目为那些在热门节目中出演的女演员提供了一种超可见度，比如情景喜剧《直到死亡我们做部分》(Valerie Murray)或科幻剧《布莱克的七个人》(Josette Simon)。这种超可见度在展示英国黑人女性表演者在普遍存在的种族主义和性别歧视时代的创造性触角方面开辟了新的天地。但它也带来了挑战：被推到聚光灯下，承担代表的负担，在被定型或在某些角色中扮演与定型相反的角色之间穿梭。与此同时，对于20世纪70年代以来的英国黑人女权主义者来说，当反对性别歧视和种族主义的斗争作为一股政治力量在英国迅速发展时，故事在很大程度上是一个隐形的故事。随着妇女平等的根深蒂固，黑人女权主义者的声音和面孔以及他们关于妇女解放的想法(受种族主义和厌女症的影响)往往被排除在关于妇女平等的大众媒体节目之外，包括在英国广播公司。直到几十年后，也就是20世纪90年代和21世纪头10年，年轻的黑人女性BBC制片人终于开始展示斯特拉·达齐和盖尔·刘易斯等先驱女权主义者的贡献。重新找回失落的过去，这些故事从公众对BBC历史的理解的边缘转移到了舞台的中心。这个项目鼓励一系列不同的人口统计学，特别是不同世代的英国黑人女性，参与较少被讲述的黑人女权运动和英国黑人女演员的故事-通过BBC档案中的文物和关键开拓性人物的个人资料-并探索BBC如何处理促进种族和性别平等的一些复杂性。该项目与三个面向社区的合作伙伴--伦敦青年维克剧院、播客《致黑人女孩的信》和伦敦女权主义者图书馆合作，将在三个不同年龄段和不同支持者之间引发并提供对话、讨论和教育推广。这将通过伦敦南部两所学校的关键阶段3和关键阶段4的课程和课外活动来实现，通过播客制作人和由20多岁至40多岁的英国黑人女性组成的观众，以及一项旨在所有世代女权主义活动家之间的对话和讨论的活动，特别是那些50岁以上的黑人女权主义者。该项目将提供一个播客，一个录制的谈话和讨论活动，以及对BBC档案中精心策划的文物的教育框架创意回应，这些文物将通过合作组织的平台以及BBC的网站和社交媒体渠道进行主办和推广。

Greater awareness of the diversity of British history has grown in recent years following the momentum of the Black Lives Matter movement, captured in BBC series such as David Olusoga's Black and British: A Forgotten History (BBC Two, 2016). Yet the role played by Black women in shaping twentieth-century British society, and its relationship to the media, still remains too often hidden or overlooked. Reclaiming a Lost Past challenges this invisibility by encouraging public engagement with two important and contrasting strands related to the Black British female struggle for visible representation in mainstream media and society from the 1960s onwards. The first connects to pioneering Black actresses seen and heard by mass audiences on BBC TV and on BBC Radio; the second to Black feminist activist politics and women's liberation as mediated by the BBC. These strands reveal two very different sides to the BBC's relationship to Black British women in the second half of the twentieth century (and into the twenty-first). Black actresses were amongst the first to embody, through mass media, the new contours of British national identity following mass migration from Britain's former colonies. Indeed, mainstream BBC programming from the 1960s onwards offered a hyper-visibility to those actresses cast in popular shows such as the sitcom Till Death Us Do Part (Valerie Murray) or the science fiction show Blake's Seven (Josette Simon). This hyper-visibility broke new ground in terms of showcasing the creative reach of Black British female performers at a time of widespread racism and sexism. But so too did it bring challenges: of being thrust into the spotlight, of bearing a burden of representation and of navigating the territory of being typecast or playing against type in certain roles. Meanwhile for Black British feminists from the 1970s onwards, when the fight against sexism and racism grew rapidly as a political force in the UK, the story was largely one of invisibility. As women's equality took hold, Black feminist voices and faces, and their ideas on women's liberation (shaped by the experiences of racism as much as misogyny), were often left out of mass media programming on female equality, including at the BBC. It was mostly not until decades later, in the 1990s and 2000s, when young Black female BBC producers finally began to bring to air the contribution of pioneering feminists including Stella Dadzie and Gail Lewis. Reclaiming a Lost Past move these stories from the margins of public understandings of the BBC's history to centre stage. This project encourages a range of distinct demographics, particularly Black British women of different generations, to engage with the lesser told 'herstories' of Black feminist activism and of Black actresses in Britain - as told through artefacts from the BBC's archives and through profiles of key trailblazing figures - and to explore some of the complexities of how the BBC dealt with the promotion of race and gender equality. In collaboration with three community-oriented partners - the Young Vic Theatre in London, the podcast Letter to a Black Girl and the Feminist Library in London - the project will both spark and deliver dialogue, discussion and educational outreach across three varying age groups and constituencies. This will be done through curriculum and extra-curricular activities for Key Stage 3 and Key Stage 4 in two South London schools, via podcast makers and audiences comprised of Black British women aged 20s-40s, and an event aimed at dialogue and discussion between feminist activists of all generations, but especially those Black feminists in the 50+ age category. The project will deliver a podcast, a recorded talk and discussion event and educationally-framed creative responses to curated artefacts from the BBC's archives, which will be hosted and promoted via partner organisations' platforms and via the website and social media channels of the BBC.