Lost For Words: Cognitive Ageing And Language Control In Bilingual Older Adults With And Without Cognitive Impairment

失语：有或没有认知障碍的双语老年人的认知衰老和语言控制

• 批准号: EP/Y036522/1
• 负责人: Angela De Bruin
• 金额: $ 157.72万
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FY036522%2F1
• 关键词: Lost; Words; Cognitive; Ageing; Language

Language is crucial for communication but becomes more challenging with age. With over 20% of Europeans aged over 65 years, we need to understand the impact of age on language. Despite over half of the world being bilingual, research has focused on monolinguals. Bilinguals do not just use a target language but also need to manage between-language competition, avoid nontarget language interference, and switch languages. To do this, they apply language control. Lapses in control (e.g., using a language not understood by the other person) can greatly hinder communication.MultiAge examines how bilingual language control changes with healthy ageing and cognitive impairment, asking four questions:1. How do behavioural and neural language-control mechanisms change with age across language contexts?2. How do real-life language experiences change with age and interact with control?3. How does communicating with a conversation partner influence language during ageing?4. How does cognitive impairment influence bilingual control?MultiAge will build new theoretical frameworks on language control, healthy ageing, and cognitive impairment. It systematically compares different bilingual-control components across contexts varying in their control demands. It examines whether similar mechanisms are used for between-language, within-language, and semantic control. In addition to age-group comparisons, we assess changes in later life longitudinally by combining behavioural, neuroimaging (fNIRS) research, and focus groups. While most research focuses on word production in isolation, MultiAge examines daily-life experiences and interactions with other bilinguals. Working with overlooked bilingual groups ensures new theories move beyond English-monolingual speakers. Finally, comparing healthy ageing and cognitive impairment has potential to identify novel tools to detect cognitive impairment.

语言对于交流至关重要，但随着年龄的增长而变得更具挑战性。超过20％的欧洲人年龄超过65岁，我们需要了解年龄对语言的影响。尽管世界上有一半以上是双语的，但研究集中在单语言上。双语不仅使用目标语言，而且还需要管理语言竞争，避免使用非目标语言干扰和切换语言。为此，他们采用语言控制。控制障碍（例如，使用对方所理解的语言）可能会极大地阻碍交流。多人研究双语语言控制如何随着健康的衰老和认知障碍而变化，提出了四个问题：1。行为和神经语言控制机制如何随着年龄的方式而变化？2。现实生活中的语言体验如何随着年龄的增长而变化并与控制互动？3。与对话伙伴在老化期间如何影响语言？4。认知障碍如何影响双语控制？多码将建立有关语言控制，健康衰老和认知障碍的新理论框架。它系统地比较了各种语境的不同双语控制组件在其控制需求方面有所不同。它检查是否将类似的机制用于语言之间，语言和语义控制。除了年龄组比较外，我们还通过结合行为，神经影像（FNIRS）研究和焦点小组来纵向评估以后生活的变化。虽然大多数研究侧重于孤立的单词生产，但MultiGe检查了日常生活的经历以及与其他双语者的互动。与被忽视的双语团体合作确保新理论超越英语单语言。最后，比较健康的衰老和认知障碍有可能识别出发现认知障碍的新工具。