Reality Television, Working Practices and Duties of Care

该项目将通过整体考虑英国真人秀(RTV)部门的制作、参与和政策之间的相互关系，首次建立文化产业中关怀的理论。RTV是一个重要且极具争议性的媒体制作网站，在过去20年里迅速扩张，在英国14.8亿GB的全球电视出口市场中的份额越来越大。对心理健康风险的高度关注已导致Ofcom的广播守则围绕改善参与者的福利进行了修改，同时广播公司越来越了解到整个行业继续发展护理做法的必要性。到目前为止，大多数政策和行业举措都侧重于围绕个别参与者的心理健康关切进行风险管理，而没有对文化劳动和工作实践的更广泛背景进行任何询问。这个项目将使用文化产业的方法(Hesmondhalgh 2019)，通过提出四个主要的研究问题来调查真人秀节目中对关怀的理解和体验：1.生产。在真人秀节目制作中，不同的工作者是如何理解、调解和实践关怀的？2.参与。参与者的工作经历如何帮助我们理解RTV中的关怀？3.政策。在政策和行业决策中如何理解、记录和实施关怀？4.关怀。如何将关怀分析纳入创意产业中文化劳动的理论？一个涵盖四个工作包的大型定性实证研究计划将包括政策分析、媒体跟踪，以及对不同关键利益相关者的定性采访。这项研究将聚焦以前被忽视的生产工人和非专业参与者的经历，以及当代政策辩论和公众对注意义务的关注。这些发现将被综合并使用女权主义护理理论模型(Tronto 2013,2006年举行)进行分析，以开发对英国RTV媒体生态中工作中的相互关系的新见解。我们对文化制作中如何协调和实践关怀的调查将广泛应用于学术和创意产业。该项目将与所有英国公共服务广播公司(BBC、ITV、维亚康姆/第五频道和第四频道)和三个主要项目合作伙伴合作。我们将与媒体和娱乐工人工会BECTU合作，以了解CARE是如何在生产中实施的，这将为创建一份报告和培训材料提供信息。我们将与创意从业者工会Equity合作，听取参与者的声音，了解他们的需求，并考虑是否以及如何正式承认他们为文化工作者。这将导致为潜在参与者制作一段视频，告知他们他们的权利，并帮助他们谈判RTV制作的复杂地形。我们将与DCMS特别委员会合作，整合生产、参与和政策方面的结果，以考虑现有的保护措施并提出未来的政策建议。为了在我们对工作实践的分析和对精神健康的关注之间进行对话，我们将咨询英国心理学会媒体咨询委员会主席(John Oates教授)，以了解我们的发现如何支持围绕精神健康保护的发展，这也将成为我们向DCMS特别委员会提交的报告的依据。该项目产生的经验性知识对RTV制作中CARE的重新构思具有变革性的潜力，而通过仔细的实证分析得出的新理论框架将为更广泛的创意产业CARE提供深远的学术议程。

This project will be the first to develop a theorisation of care in the cultural industries by holistically considering the interrelations between production, participation and policy in the UK's reality television (RTV) sector. RTV is a significant and highly controversial site of media production that has rapidly expanded over the last two decades with an increasing share of the UK's £1.48bn global TV export market. High profile concerns around mental health risks have led to changes to Ofcom's Broadcasting Code around improved welfare for participants, whilst broadcasters increasingly understand a need for the continued evolution of care practices across the sector. Most policy and industry initiatives have thus far focused on risk management around mental health concerns for individual participants, without any interrogation of the broader contexts of cultural labour and working practices. This project will use a cultural industries approach (Hesmondhalgh 2019) to investigate how care is understood and experienced across reality television by asking four overarching research questions:1. Production. How is care understood, mediated and practiced by different workers across reality television production? 2. Participation. How should the working experiences of participants inform our understanding of care in RTV? 3. Policy. How is care understood, inscribed and implemented in policy and industry decision-making? 4. Care. How can the analysis of care be incorporated into theorisations of cultural labour in the creative industries?A large programme of qualitative empirical research across four work packages will include policy analysis, media tracking, and qualitative interviews with a diverse range of key stakeholders. The research will centre the previously overlooked experiences of production workers and non-professional participants alongside contemporary policy debates and public concerns around duties of care. The findings will be synthesized and analysed using a feminist theoretical model of care (Tronto 2013, Held 2006) to develop new insights into the interrelationships at work across RTV's media ecology in the UK. Our investigation into how care is mediated and practiced within cultural production will have wide application across academic scholarship and the creative industries.The project will work with the co-operation of all the UK Public Service Broadcasters (BBC, ITV, Viacom/Channel 5 and Channel 4) and three key project partners. We will be partnering with BECTU, the media and entertainment workers' union, in order to understand how care is implemented in production, which will inform the creation of a report and training materials. We will be partnering with Equity, the trade union for creative practitioners, to listen to participants' voices, understand their needs, and to consider whether and how they can be formally recognised as cultural workers. This will lead to the production of a video for would-be participants which informs them of their rights and helps them to negotiate the complex terrain of RTV production. We will be partnering with the DCMS select committee to integrate findings from production, participation and policy, both to consider the current protections in place and to propose future policy recommendations. In order to generate a dialogue between our analysis of working practices and concerns around mental health, we will consult with the Chair of the British Psychological Society's Media Advisory Board (Prof John Oates) to understand how our findings can support developments around mental health protections, which will also inform our report to the DCMS select committee. The empirical knowledge produced by this project has transformative potential for re-conceiving care in RTV production, whilst the new theoretical framework, derived from careful empirical analysis, will offer a far-reaching academic agenda for care in the creative industries more widely.