CUKPGP:New pest resistance in rice, by breeding and genetic modification (GM) for constitutive and inducible levels of defence homoterpenes

该项目旨在开发和评估中国的新一代水稻作物，该作物具有对主要害虫种群的保护作用，通过无毒的行动模式提供，即通过改变害虫行为。该项目中的创新科学将为中国开发环境可持续的粮食生产解决方案奠定基础，并扩展到农村地区的小农户农场。负责高萜类化合物生物合成的基因已知对水稻害虫有活性，但尚未以任何方式用于可持续的害虫防治，将首先通过下一代测序和生物信息学初步鉴定，利用野生植物和模式植物的相关遗传学信息(包括来自英国-中国合作的BB/J020281/1)，以及通过过表达确认的身份，包括在水稻中，然后进行化学分析。然后，利用化学分析和对害虫(包括褐飞虱)及其寄生虫(包括Anagrus nilparvatae)的研究，将筛选出这些基因的高表达水稻品种和亲缘关系，以及在可诱导启动子序列的调控下产生的过度表达它们的新品系。来自这两条路线的最有希望的品系将通过育种获得，包括生产合成杂交，并进一步进行基因工程，以便在第三年进行初步田间评估。这将通过育种和基因改造产生新的可持续的抗虫害性状，将提供既抗害虫又利用自然寄生的水稻品种。除了在水稻上的价值，这些特性将直接适用于其他作物，包括长期雨水灌溉的水稻。这一新的合作提供了必要的育种机会和功能基因多样性(中国)和次生代谢物防御靶向(英国)。

This project aims to develop and evaluate a new generation of rice crops in China with protection against major insect pest populations, that is delivered via a non-toxic mode of action, ie through modification of pest behaviour. The innovative science in this project will underpin the development of environmentally sustainable solutions for food production in China, extending to small-holder farms in rural areas. The genes responsible for the biosynthesis of homoterpenes, known to be active against rice pests but not yet in any way exploited in sustainable pest control, will first be identified tentatively by next generation sequencing and bioinformatics, using information (including from UK-China Collaboration BB/J020281/1) from related genetics via wild and model plants, and identity confirmed by overexpression, including in rice, followed by chemical analysis. Elite rice cultivars and relatives will then be screened for high expression of these genes and new lines created overexpressing them under regulation by inducible promoter sequences, using chemical analysis and studies with pests, including the rice brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens, and their parasites, including Anagrus nilaparvatae. The most promising lines from both routes will be developed by breeding, including production of synthetic crosses, and further genetic engineering for preliminary field evaluation in year 3. This will produce new sustainable pest resistance traits by breeding and genetic modification that will provide rice varieties that both resist pests but also exploit natural parasitism. In addition to the value in rice, these traits will be directly applicable to other crops, including in the long term perennial rain-fed rice. This new cooperation provides essential breeding opportunities and functional gene diversity (China) and secondary metabolite defence targeting (UK).