Elucidating the Chemical Ecology of Belowground Plant-Plant Communication

阐明地下植物间通讯的化学生态学

• 批准号: BB/H001700/1
• 负责人: John Pickett
• 金额: $ 54.23万
• 依托单位: Rothamsted Research
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FH001700%2F1
• 关键词: Elucidating; Chemical; Ecology; Belowground; Plant

Aphids, i.e. greenflies and blackflies, comprise the major agricultural pests in Western and Northern Europe. Control currently involves the use of insecticides that kill. Alternative sustainable approaches are required which minimise insecticide use. One way is to use naturally-occurring attractive chemicals that enhance the performance of beneficial insects in crops. However, as deployment of these chemicals is expensive and difficult to maintain, causing the plant to release these attractants represents a more sustainable prospect. We have shown that bean plants infested with pea aphids increase the attractiveness of neighbouring bean plants towards parasitic wasps that attack aphids, and that this is mediated by belowground communication. Our further studies show that aphid feeding aboveground causes release of chemicals by the same plant belowground. We propose that the released chemicals are responsible for the observed belowground communication. The aim of this project is to exploit this discovery, by identifying the released chemicals and determining their effect upon neighbouring plants. We will (i) determine the conditions under which aphid-feeding related signals are transferred from roots to their surrounding environment (ii) isolate the chemical signals produced and released by roots using newly developed isolation techniques (iii) identify isolated signals using sophisticated analytical chemistry approaches (iv) measure the behavioural response of parasitic wasps to plants exposed to the identified signals and (v) identify the induced volatile organic compounds (VOCs) collected from recipient bean plants exposed to the chemical signals, using volatile collection techniques, and electrical recordings from parasitic wasp antennae. This project will contribute towards an understanding of plant-plant communication belowground, and represents an exciting opportunity to provide an entirely new class of chemical signal tools that can be used to control insect pests on major world crops.

蚜虫，即绿蝇和黑蝇，包括西欧和北方的主要农业害虫。目前的控制包括使用杀死的杀虫剂。需要采用替代性可持续方法，尽量减少杀虫剂的使用。一种方法是使用自然产生的有吸引力的化学物质，提高作物中有益昆虫的性能。然而，由于这些化学品的部署是昂贵的并且难以维持，使得植物释放这些引诱剂代表了更可持续的前景。我们已经表明，豆类植物感染豌豆蚜虫增加了吸引力的邻近豆类植物对寄生蜂攻击蚜虫，这是介导的地下通信。我们进一步的研究表明，蚜虫在地上取食会引起地下相同植物释放化学物质。我们认为，释放的化学物质是观测到的地下通信的原因。该项目的目的是利用这一发现，通过识别释放的化学物质并确定其对邻近植物的影响。我们将（i）确定蚜虫取食相关信号从根部转移到周围环境的条件（ii）使用新开发的分离技术分离根部产生和释放的化学信号（iii）使用复杂的分析化学方法识别分离的信号（iv）测量寄生蜂对暴露于识别信号的植物的行为反应（v）识别诱导挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）收集受体豆类植物暴露于化学信号，使用挥发性收集技术，和电子记录从寄生蜂天线。该项目将有助于了解植物与植物之间的地下通信，并提供一个令人兴奋的机会，提供一种全新的化学信号工具，可用于控制世界主要作物上的害虫。

项目成果

The first crop plant genetically engineered to release an insect pheromone for defence.

第一个作物植物在基因上设计了用于防御的昆虫信息素。

• DOI: 10.1038/srep11183
• 发表时间: 2015-06-25
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Bruce TJA;Aradottir GI;Smart LE;Martin JL;Caulfield JC;Doherty A;Sparks CA;Woodcock CM;Birkett MA;Napier JA;Jones HD;Pickett JA
• 通讯作者: Pickett JA

Small volatile lipophilic molecules induced belowground by aphid attack elicit a defensive response in neighbouring un-infested plants.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1154587
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Frontiers in plant science
• 影响因子: 5.6

How rapid is aphid-induced signal transfer between plants via common mycelial networks?

• DOI: 10.4161/cib.25904
• 发表时间: 2013-11-01
• 期刊: Communicative & integrative biology
• 作者: Babikova Z;Johnson D;Bruce T;Pickett JA;Gilbert L
• 通讯作者: Gilbert L

Increasing phosphorus supply is not the mechanism by which arbuscular mycorrhiza increase attractiveness of bean (Vicia faba) to aphids.

• DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru283
• 发表时间: 2014-10
• 期刊: Journal of experimental botany
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Babikova Z;Gilbert L;Randall KC;Bruce TJ;Pickett JA;Johnson D
• 通讯作者: Johnson D

The biosynthesis of allelopathic di-C-glycosylflavones from the roots of Desmodium incanum (G. Mey.) DC.

从 Desmodium incanum (G. Mey.) DC 根部生物合成化感作用的二 C-糖基黄酮。

• DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01926e
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Organic & biomolecular chemistry
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Hao B