OPIOID DEPENDENCY AND AIDS

患有获得性免疫缺陷综合征(艾滋病)的患者 感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)，因为 通过性接触或交换血液或血液制品传播的。 感染艾滋病毒的患者患艾滋病的速度各不相同。 使用共用针头的阿片成瘾者占很大一部分 艾滋病人口。被滥用的各种药物本身就是 免疫调节和免疫妥协，表明除了 共用针头造成的多次接触的风险，周期性 短效阿片类药物对机体免疫和细菌的影响 防御系统可能会加速从病毒暴露到 艾滋病的发展。这项研究的目的是通过使用 艾滋病的类人猿模型(SAID)，是为了评估 阿片类药物的长期使用与宿主防御的妥协 系统在艾滋病的发展过程中。 因为艾滋病和SAID都是以T4淋巴细胞为特征的综合征 耗竭和免疫抑制，随后获得 机会性感染，病毒血症的进展涉及 T4功能改变和抗菌宿主防御系统的丧失 (多形核白细胞和肺泡巨噬细胞)将被监测 以及一般行为和对环境的反应 骚乱。猴子将被训练接受注射并提交 采集体液样本。这些动物将被人工喂养，每天称重， 并观察SAID的临床症状。将抽取血液样本 在适当的时间间隔评估病毒血症的进展 以及宿主防御机制的变化。病毒血症之间的相互作用 机会性菌血症将被定性为判断 诱导的阿片依赖引起的修饰。

Patients who have developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as transmitted by sexual contact or the exchange of blood or blood products. Patients infected with HIV vary in the rate of development of AIDS. Opioid addicts using shared needles make up a significant portion of the AIDS population. Various drugs that are abused are themselves immunomodulatory and immunocompromising, suggesting that in addition to the risks of multiple exposure due to needle-sharing, the cyclical effects induced by short acting opioids on the immune and bacterial defense systems may accelerate the process from viral exposure to the development of AIDS. The objective of this research, through the use of a simian model of AIDS (SAIDS), is to evaluate interactions between the chronic administration of opioids and the compromising of host defense systems during the development of AIDS. Since both AIDS and SAIDS are syndromes characterized by T4 lymphocyte depletion and immunosuppression followed by the acquisition of opportunistic infections, the progression of the viremia to involve an altered T4 function and loss of antibacterial host defenses (polymorphonuclear leukocytes and alveolar macrophages) will be monitored as well as general comportment and response to environmental disturbances. Monkeys will be trained to accept injections and to submit to sampling of body fluids. The animals will be hand fed, weighed daily, and observed for clinical symptoms of SAIDS. Blood samples will be drawn at appropriate intervals for evaluation of the progress of the viremia and changes in host defense mechanisms. Interaction between the viremia and opportunistic bacteremia will be characterized as a basis for judging modification induced by the induced opioid dependency.