ACUTE DRUG EFFECTS ON SIMPLE & COMPLEX PERFORMANCE

精神药物/物质对健康影响的前期研究 业绩通常以对安全的担忧为指导， 认知方面的努力。然而，人类在工作场所的功能包括 很大一部分复杂的认知努力还没有 被先前的研究充分捕捉到的。基于实验的知识 精神药物对成绩的影响尤其有限 白领职业。 以前，评估物质对复杂环境的影响的能力 认知功能和复杂任务表现受到以下因素的限制 缺乏适当的基于实验室的措施。然而，a 具有连续控制的相关准实验模拟 现在可以进行独立变量操作。可靠性和 效度(即对工作场所成功的多重预测) 这项技术非常出色。模拟方法允许 基于一系列认知的性能数据的收集 努力，反映了简单、中间和几个复杂的方面 任务绩效。该方法以前曾被用来测量 处方药对运动成绩的影响。建议数 研究将采用这种模拟方法(以及其他几种方法 以前用于评估的测量技术 精神药物对简单和中等成绩的影响)到 获取关于四种物质对功能的影响的信息 在作业设置中。这项研究将采用安慰剂对照的双人- 盲目交叉设计。 四种物质，另外，其中两种物质的三种组合 几种剂量水平的物质将包括：大麻， 咖啡因、安定和酒精。参与者将是健康的男性， 曾使用过这些物质，年龄在21岁至45岁之间(35岁 一箱大麻)。血液水平将进行化验。这项研究是 旨在帮助澄清这四种物质对 (尤其是复杂的)任务表现，以阐明两者之间的关系 血液水平和综合表现之间的关系，以确定 物质剂量对复合性能的影响，并获得关于 潜在的平行物质对不同种类(或水平)的影响 表现需要不同的认知努力。所获得的 结果应该有助于提升现有的理论立场， 在发展假设的过程中，这些假设特别与 精神药物对复杂表现的影响，以及在 该领域内新理论的发展。获得的数据也应该 对旨在劝阻的公关活动很有用 白领员工不得使用精神药物。

Prior research on the effects of psychotropic drugs/substances upon performance has most often been guided by concerns with safety and, cognitive effort. Human functioning in the work place, however, includes a large proportion of complex cognitive efforts that have not been adequately captured by prior research. Experimentally based knowledge of psychotropic substance effects upon performance is especially limited for white collar occupations. Previously, the ability to assess substance effects upon complex cognitive functioning and complex task performance has been restricted by the absence of appropriate laboratory based measures. However, a relevant quasi-experimental simulation with continuous control over independent variable manipulations is now available. Reliability and validity (i.e., multiple prediction of success at the work place) for this technique are excellent. The simulation methodology permits the collection of performance data that are based on a range of cognitive efforts, reflecting simple, intermediate and several complex aspects of task performance. The methodology has been used previously to measure the effects of prescription medications on performance. The proposed research will employ this simulation methodology (and several other measurement techniques that have been previously employed to assess effects of psychotropic drugs on simple and intermediate performance) to obtain information about the effects of four substances upon functioning in job settings. The research will employ a placebo controlled double- blind cross-over design. Four substances and, in addition, three combinations of two of these substances at several dosage levels will be included: Marijuana, caffeine, diazepam and alcohol. Participants will be healthy males who have been prior users of these substances, aged 21 through 45 (35 in the case of marijuana). Blood levels will be assayed. The research was designed to help clarify the effects of the four substances on (especially complex) task performance, to elucidate the relationship between blood levels and complex performance, to determine the effects of substances dosage upon complex performance and to obtain information on potential parallel substance effects upon different kinds (or levels) of performance that would require diverse cognitive efforts. The obtained results should aid in the advancement of existing theoretical positions, in the development of hypotheses that are specifically relevant to psychotropic substance impact on complex performance, and in the development of new theory within that domain. Obtained data should also be useful for public relations campaigns that are intended to dissuade white collar employees from using psychotropic substances.