BRAIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION AFTER DRUGS OF ABUSE

描述了两个假设。第一种预测是 类似精神分裂症和致幻药物，导致类似的 人类的行为可能共享一个共同的行为轨迹 边缘系统。第二种假设指出，一些药物 虐待可能会导致长期的行为、情绪和认知 由于不可逆转的脑损伤而导致的缺陷。 第一个假设源于几个相关的观察结果。 首先是一些化合物，其中许多是相关的 在结构上与胺类神经递质有关，诱导行为 很难区分的人类和一些自发的 精神病患者的行为。第二个观察是，在特发性 颞叶癫痫，一种神经疾病，其特征是 部分由海马神经传递异常所致，非精神病患者 患者经常表现出精神错乱和 当海马体放电时，这些行为就会发生。 要检验的第一个假设是， 上述三合会，即内源性拟精神分裂症药物 精神病和颞叶癫痫的精神表现， 可能共享一个共同的潜在基因。具体地说，不正常 海马体的活动可能导致三者共同的行为 幻觉状态与分子机制无关(S) 牵涉其中。这一假设将通过确定 滥用药物对海马区反应、兴奋性的影响 并使用电生理方法在体内进行抑制。 需要检验的第二个假设是，一些滥用药物 产生持续的行为缺陷，作为 不可逆转的脑损伤。鉴于最近在这个问题上取得的进展 不可逆转的细胞死亡和导致死亡的机制，它是 重要的是确定滥用药物是否会导致不可逆转 损害，哪些药物在什么条件下这样做，以及是否或 不是这种细胞损伤是可以防止的。这将使用以下工具完成 神经解剖学方法，包括神经元的银染 γ-氨基丁酸、氨基丁酸和氨基丁酸的变性和免疫细胞化学 多肽阳性神经元，以及电子显微镜。这个 预防药物脑损伤的生物医学影响，如果它 发生的，将是相当大的。

Two hypotheses are described. The first predicts that psychotomimetic and hallucinogenic drugs that cause similar behaviors in humans may share a common locus of action in the limbic system. The second hypothesis states that some drugs of abuse may cause long-lasting behavioral, mood and cognitive deficits as a result of irreversible brain damage. The first hypothesis derives from several related observations. First is the fact that a number of compounds, many related structurally to amine neurotransmitters, induce behaviors in humans that are difficult to distinguish from some spontaneous psychotic behaviors. The second observation is that in idiopathic temporal lobe epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized in part by abnormal hippocampal neurotransmission, non-psychotic patients often exhibit behaviors characteristic of psychosis and that these behaviors occur when hippocampal discharges arise. The first hypothesis to be tested is that the three parts of the triad described above, ie, psychotomimetic drugs, endogenous psychosis and psychotic manifestations of temporal lobe epilepsy, may share a common underlying locus. Specifically, abnormal hippocampal activity may cause behaviors common to all three hallucinatory states regardless of the molecular mechanism(s) involved. This hypothesis will be tested by determining the effects of drugs of abuse on hippocampal responses, excitability and inhibition in vivo using electrophysiological methods. The second hypothesis to be tested is that some drugs of abuse produce persistent behavioral deficits as the results of irreversible brain damage. Given recent advances on the subject of irreversible cell death and the mechanisms that cause it, it is important to determine if drugs of abuse cause irreversible damage, which drugs do so under what conditions and whether or not this cell damage can be prevented. This will be done using neuroanatomical methods, including silver stain for neuronal degeneration, immunocytochemistry of GABA-, amine- and peptide-positive neurons, as well as electron microscopy. The biomedical impact of preventing drug-induced brain damage, if it occurs, would be considerable.