ENCODING AND JUDGMENT OF SENSORY MAGNITUDES

总体目标是了解感官刺激是如何编码的， 感知和判断。这种基本感觉的主要决定因素 听觉中的响度和音高， 视觉，冷暖感觉的强度，是化妆和 当前物理刺激的强度。然而，感性 判断也在很大程度上取决于可能的刺激， 过去发生或已经发生的;也就是说，感性判断是 与上下文相关。感官科学中的一个基本测量方法--感官匹配 在不同性质的刺激之间--很大程度上取决于 刺激情境本研究采用了一种新的实验范式， 称为动态心理物理缩放，以评估编码， 感官体验的各种维度的判断--强度（例如， 响度），质量（例如，音高）、感知时长和感知空间 范围-四种感觉形式（听觉、视觉、触觉、温度）。 在动态缩放中，受试者判断刺激集的大小， 平均值（例如，声音强度、声音频率）增加， 随着时间的推移而减少。特别是，当两种性质不同的刺激 每一个都是相对于自己的参照系来判断的， 取决于刺激强度的上下文设置。当上下文 变化，参考框架可以随着时间的推移缓慢变化。拟议 研究将试图开发一个定量的，参数的帐户， 动态感知编码和判断。以前的研究似乎主要是 未能将短期和长期 这些重要的感知过程的特征，这是核心 了解感觉功能的基本特性，包括 在感觉缺陷、丧失或障碍的情况下的感知和判断。

The overall objective is to understand how sensory stimuli are encoded, perceived, and judged. The main determinants of such basic sensory properties as loudness and pitch in hearing, brightness and color in vision, the strength of warm and cold sensation, are the make-up and intensity of the current physical stimulus. Nevertheless, perceptual judgments also depend in important ways on the possible stimuli that may occur or that have occurred in the past; that is, perceptual judgments are contextual. A basic measure within sensory science -- sensory matches between qualitatively different stimuli -- can depend significantly on stimulus context. The present research uses a new experimental paradigm, called dynamic psychophysical scaling, to evaluate the encoding and judgment of various dimensions of sensory experience -- intensity (e.g., loudness), quality (e.g., pitch), perceived duration, and perceived spatial extent -- in four sensory modalities (hearing, vision, touch, temperature). In dynamic scaling, subjects judge the magnitudes of sets of stimuli whose average values (e.g., of sound intensity, sound frequency) increase and decrease over time. In particular, when two qualitatively different stimuli are judged, each is judged relative to its own frame-of-reference, which depends on the contextual sets of stimulus intensities. When the context changes, the frames-of-reference can change slowly over time. The proposed research will attempt to develop a quantitative, parametric account of dynamic perceptual encoding and judgment. Previous research seems largely to have failed to incorporate both the short-term and long-term characteristics of these important perceptual processes, which are central to understanding basic properties of sensory functioning, including perception and judgment in cases of sensory deficit, loss, or disorder.