ANIHWA call 3: ARBONET Epidemiological models for control of arboviral disease for Europe

新出现和再出现的传染性病毒疾病继续对世界各地的动物和人类健康构成挑战。在欧洲，媒介传播的感染，如蚊子传播的西尼罗热（WNF）、裂谷热（RVF）和蜱传播的克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF），构成了从流行地区入侵或向北扩展的持续风险。这些感染的驱动因素是多因素的，包括人口流动性增加、活体动物和食品全球贸易增加以及影响病媒地理分布和能力的气候变化。此外，由于不同宿主种群之间界面的复杂性，野生动物中持续存在的虫媒病毒感染对制定适当的监测和控制行动构成了前所未有的挑战。拟议的“ARBONET”倡议将侧重于WNF、CCHF和裂谷热感染，特别是发展流行病学模型，为基于风险的监测和干预提供信息，从而控制欧洲的疾病暴发。这一联合行动的主要目标是建立一个多学科研究网络，结合兽医和人类流行病学家、疾病建模学家、病毒学家和节肢动物生物学家的专业知识，以增加知识和理解，促进快速控制疾病暴发。ARBONET提案有以下具体目标：1)建立CCHF、裂谷热和WNF在欧洲传播的可能情景的流行病学模型，评估可能的基于风险的监测方法和控制策略；2)促进对病毒遗传亚群分布的流行病学研究；3)增加对病毒-载体和病毒-脊椎动物宿主相互作用的认识；4)支持传播这些疾病的流行病学、监测和控制知识。

Emerging and re-emerging infectious viral diseases continue to challenge both animal and human health around the world. For Europe, vector-borne infections, such as mosquito-borne West Nile fever (WNF), and Rift Valley fever (RVF) and tick-borne Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), pose a continuous risk of incursions or northward expansion from endemic areas. The drivers of these infections are multifactorial and include increased mobility of human populations, increased global trade in live animals and foodstuffs, and climate change affecting the geographic distribution and competence of vectors. In addition, persistent arbovirus infections in wildlife pose unprecedented challenges to formulation of proper surveillance and control actions, due to the complexity of the interfaces between different host populations.The proposed initiative "ARBONET" will be focused on WNF, CCHF and RVF infections, specifically on development of epidemiological models that can inform risk-based surveillance and interventions that can control disease outbreaks in Europe. The major goal of this joint initiative is to create a multidisciplinary research network combining the expertise of veterinary and human epidemiologists, disease modellers, virologists and arthropod biologists to increase knowledge and understanding that will facilitate rapid control of disease outbreaks. The ARBONET proposal has the following specific objectives: 1) to develop epidemiological models of possible scenarios of CCHF, RVF and WNF spread in Europe, evaluating possible risk-based surveillance approaches and control strategies, 2) to promote epidemiological studies on distribution of viral genetic subpopulations, 3) to increase the knowledge of virus-vector and virus-vertebrate host interactions, and 4) to support dissemination of knowledge on the epidemiology, surveillance and control of these diseases.