ACCOMODATION IN AMBLYOPIA

这项建议的目的是对影响进行量化调查 导致弱视的早期异常视觉体验对人类的影响 住宿系统，主要强调目标对比度和空间 频率分量贡献。患有功能性弱视的受试者 将是主要目标人群；匹配的对照措施将包括 视力正常的人以及没有弱视的斜视者。四 将进行一系列实验：(1)将监测住宿情况 连续和客观地使用红外验光仪，平均 调节反应水平将使用计算机平均来确定 程序，作为弱视或其他优势眼观看和聚焦 在不同对比度(80%到近0%)/空间的正弦光栅上 频率(每度0.5、4.0或16.0个周期)组合；(2) 住宿情况将持续和客观地使用 红外验光仪，平均调节反应水平将为 使用计算机平均程序确定的，如弱视或弱视 另一只占主导地位的眼睛查看并聚焦于高对比度方波 光栅，一种具有相同基频的高对比度正弦波光栅 频率，或基波正弦波光栅加上 越来越高的阶数(3、5和7)，奇次正弦 组件；(3)将调查对比歧视，使用 强迫选择设计和统计技术，通过让主题 判断闪光正弦测试光栅的对比度是否相同 或不同于闪烁的正弦参考栅格的；辨别 将测试几种对比度/空间频率组合 在弱视的正视治疗过程中，使用 上述实验1-3中描述的刺激和方法。

The objective of this proposal is to investigate quantitatively the effects of early abnormal visual experience, leading to amblyopia, on the human accommodation system, with primary emphasis on target contrast and spatial frequency component contributions. Subjects having functional amblyopia will be the primary target population; matched controls will include visually-normal individuals as well as strabismics without amblyopia. Four sets of experiments will be conducted: (1) accommodation will be monitored continuously and objectively using an infrared optometer, and the average accommodative response level will be determined using a computer averaging program, as either the amblyopic or fellow dominant eye views and focuses on a sinusoidal grating at a variety of contrast (80 to nearly 0%)/spatial frequency (0.5, 4.0, or 16.0 cycles per deg.) combinations; (2) accommodation will be monitored continuously and objectively using an infrared optometer, and the average accommodative response level will be determined using a computer averaging program, as either the amblyopic or fellow dominant eye views and focuses on either a high contrast square-wave grating, a high contrast sine-wave grating having the same fundamental frequency, or the fundamental sine-wave grating with addition of increasingly higher-order (3rd, 5th, and 7th), odd harmonic sinusoidal components; (3) contrast discrimination will be investigated, using a forced-choice design and statistical techniques, by having the subject judge whether the contrast of a flashed sinusoidal test grating is the same or different than a flashed sinusiodal reference grating; discrimination will be tested for sevral contrast/spatial frequency combination will be followed during the course of orthoptic therapy for the amblyopia, using the stimuli and methods described in experiments 1 - 3 above.