STRUCTURE, REGULATION, EVOLUTION OF DUPLICATE ADH GENES

我们研究的目标是了解 基因表达的组织特异性控制。 为了实现这些目标，我们 正在研究Adh基因座重复的起源和表达， D. Mojavensis和其他相关物种。 我们特别关注 基因表达的几个变化，这些变化是自人类起源以来进化而来的。 重复。 其中第一个是Adh-1在细胞中的表达。 子房D. mojavensis和D.亚利桑那。 我们会比较 这两个物种中Adh基因座的序列， 亲戚，D. mulleri和“物种N”，其不表达Adh-1， 卵巢 我们将确定DNA的潜在区域， 与卵巢表达相关，并利用P元件检测其功能作用 介导转化 我们将把我们对Adh-1调节的研究扩展到 鉴定Adh-1在幼虫不同区域表达的多态性， 直觉 线将被构建，其中繁殖真正的替代模式， 肠道Adh-1的表达和肠道间存在的相关性 表达和限制性片段，所述表达和限制性片段包括 Adh-1基因将在遗传分析中进行研究。 我们将把我们的研究扩展到Adh重复的起源， 与其他物种的基因表达模式不同， 记录的Adh表达模式与通常的不同 在具有两个Adh基因的物种中发现的表达模式。 这些分析 也将有助于我们了解复制的起源。 旨在了解复制起源的其他实验 将进行。 最后，我们感兴趣的是提供与 假设进化的主要事件是调节的变化， 信息. 为了实现这一点，将进行实验， 确定是否有任何改变的Adh-1表达模式， 观察到的，即卵巢表达或肠道表达，可以与 自适应重要函数

The goals of our research are to understand the molecular basis for the tissue specific control of gene expression. To accomplish these goals we are studying the origin and expression of a duplication of the Adh locus in D. mojavensis and other related species. We are specifically focusing on several changes in gene expression which have evolved since the origin of the duplication. The first of these is the expression of Adh-1 in the ovary of D. mojavensis and D. arizonensis. We will compare the nucleotide sequence of the Adh locus in these two species with their two closest relatives, D. mulleri and "species N", that do not express Adh-1 in the ovary. We will identify potential regions of the DNA which could be relevant to ovary expression and test their functional role using P element mediated transformation. We will extend our studies on Adh-1 regulation to characterize the polymorphism of Adh-1 expression in regions of the larval gut. Lines will be constructed which breed true for alternate patterns of gut Adh-1 expression and the correlation which appears to exist between gut expression and restriction fragments which include the 5' region of the Adh-1 gene will be studied in a genetic analysis. We will extend our studies to the origin of the Adh duplication and alternate expression patterns to other species in which we have already documented patterns of Adh expression which are different from the usual pattern of expression found in species with two Adh genes. These analyses will also contribute to our knowledge about the origin of the duplication. Additional experiments aimed at understanding the origin of the duplication will be conducted. Finally we are interested in providing information related to the hypothesis that major events of evolution are changes in regulatory information. To accomplish this, experiments will be conducted to determine if any of the altered patterns of Adh-1 expression that have been observed i.e. ovary expression or gut expression, can be associated with an adaptively significant function.