POPULATION GENETICS OF INTERACTIONS

拟议研究的总体目标是制定一个统一的 建立在公理基础上的种内相互作用进化理论 种群遗传学的。大多数人类疾病、病原体和寄生虫 在社交互动中传播。有待发展的理论研究 这些相互作用对生物适合性的影响 并预测这些影响是如何演变的。五个具体 提出的项目都与这一总主题有关。首先，因为 许多社会团体都很小，以家庭或更多的人为中心 扩大的亲属关系(最近的情况肯定是这样 人类物种的进化历史)，有限种群的影响 交互作用演化的大小将在家庭结构中进行研究 人口。将使用包括计算机在内的各种技术 一种随机模型的模拟与分析。第二，一个 提出了研究特定遗传系统进化的方法论 这有利于某些社会互动。第三，由于最 常见的相互作用是大多数物种在两性之间交配， 性别二型性进化的研究是建立在 数量遗传学和性选择理论。第四，它是 提出可以构建一个更统一的社会进化理论 围绕着“行为结构”这一概念。行为主义的理念 结构在亲缘结构的群体中既包括相互作用，也包括 个人之间的交互，可以通过以下方式修改其活动 学习。学习和血缘关系都与 人类之间互动的进化。最后，我建议研究 阻止种群达到的遗传约束的进化 博弈论预测的状态。博弈论通常被用来研究 进化问题，但很少有对敏感性的分析 它对有性繁殖引起的并发症的预测。

The general objective of the proposed research is to develop a unified theory of the evolution of intraspecific interactions built upon the axioms of population genetics. Most human diseases, pathogens and parasites are transmitted during social interactions. The theory to be developed studies the effects of these interactions on the biological fitness of the individuals and predicts how these effects have evolved. Five specific projects are proposed all relating to this general theme. First, since many social groups are small and centered around the family or more extended kinship ties (this is most certainly true of the recent evolutionary past of the human species), the effects of finite population size on the evolution of interactions is to be studied in family-structured populations. A variety of techniques will be used including computer simulation and analytic analysis of a stochastic model. Second, a methodology is proposed to study the evolution of specific genetic systems which are conducive to certain social interactions. Third, since the most common interaction is most species is mating between the sexes, the evolution of sexual dimorphism is to be studied by techniques based on quantitative genetics and the theory of sexual selection. Fourth, it is proposed that a more unified theory of social evolution can be constructed around the idea of "behavioral structure". The idea of behavioral structure encorporates both interactions in kin-structured populations and interactions among individuals that can modify their activities through learning. Both learning and kinship are especially relevant to the evolution of interactions between humans. Finally, I propose to study the evolution of genetic constraints which prevent populations from attaining the states predicted by game theory. Game theory is commonly used to study evolutionary problems but there have been few analyses of the sensitivity of its predictions to the complications arising from sexual reproduction.