SUPERGEN - The Energy Storage Consortium: CORE Proposal

能源储存在未来将比过去任何时候都重要得多。减少交通运输中的二氧化碳排放需要逐步改变可充电电池和超级电容器，从而实现新一代电动和混合动力汽车。可再生能源发电（风能、潮汐能、潮汐能、太阳能）本质上是间歇性的；当可再生能源发电的渗透变得显著时，存储对电网的稳定性将是重要的。为了确保供电安全，可再生能源驱动的微电网至关重要。我们不能指望在分配的预算范围内解决所有的储能技术。我们将继续把SUPERGEN 1的重点放在电化学储能（锂电池和超级电容器）上，因为它们对运输至关重要，在负载均衡中起着重要作用。氢气储存和燃料电池在其他Supergen联盟中得到解决。拟议的计划包括基础实验室研究的工作包，认识到这是实现锂电池和超级电容器逐步变化的关键，但也包括电池与超级电容器的规模化和混合化工作。具体来说，我们将继续研究锂-空气电池，它能提供8-10倍的能量密度，而传统方法只能希望实现2倍的增长（这是我们冒险工作的一个例子）。我们还将继续研究碳和金属氧化物超级电容器。新课题包括研究低成本、安全、可持续的铁/锰硅酸盐作为可充电锂电池和氧化还原液流电池的阴极。为了表彰我们不断发展的研究项目，联盟成员进行了重组，以确保在国内和国际上取得卓越成就，并加强与行业和其他利益相关者的合作。该计划的一个重要产出将是训练有素的人员，他们有能力成为未来储能领域的学术和工业领袖。

Energy storage will be far more important in the future than at any time in the past. Reducing CO2 emissions from transport requires a step-change in rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors, enabling a new generation of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Renewable electricity generation (wind, wave, tidal, solar) is inherently intermittent; storage will be important for grid stability when the penetration of renewable electricity generation becomes significant. It is essential for micro grids powered by renewables, in order to ensure security of supply.We cannot hope to address all energy storage technologies within the allocated budget. We shall continue the focus of SUPERGEN 1 on electrochemical energy storage (lithium batteries and supercapacitors), because these are vital for transport and have an important role in load levelling. H2 storage and fuel cells are addressed in other Supergen consortia. The proposed programme contains work packages on fundamental laboratory studies, recognising that this holds the key to achieving step-change in lithium batteries and supercapacitors, but also includes work on scale-up and hybridisation of batteries with supercapacitors. Specifically we shall continue to work on the lithium-air battery, which offers an 8-10 fold increase in energy density where conventional approaches can only hope to achieve a 2 fold increase (this is one example of our adventurous work). We shall also continue our work on carbon and metal oxide supercapacitors. New topics include investigation of low cost, safe and sustainable iron/manganese silicates as cathodes for rechargeable lithium batteries and redox flow batteries. The consortium membership has been restructured in recognition of our evolving research programme, to ensure national and international excellence and strengthen engagement with industry and other stake holders. An important output of the programme will be trained personnel, capable of becoming the future academic and industrial leaders in energy storage.