PLEURAL LIQUID EXCHANGE AND LUNG MECHANICS

这项研究的目的是研究一些力学因素 影响胸膜压力，因为它们与区域肺容量有关 分布及胸腔积液情况。区域肺容量 分布对于理解导致的因素很重要 最佳气体交换。影响胸腔积液交换的因素有 胸膜腔积液的病因病机认识 对胸腔积液和胸膜表面的有效润滑有重要作用。这个 这项建议的第一部分涉及胸腔积液的测量 压力作为区域肺容量的反映。影响因素 不同人体胸膜垂直压力梯度的形成机制 职位将从实验和理论两个方面进行检验。在……里面 麻醉动物肺充气对局部肺的影响 不同身体位置的伸缩度将使用两个 技术：用肋骨胶囊测量胸膜液体压力 经胸膜开窗测量肺泡大小 视频显微镜检查。胸膜对合区的胸膜压力 将使用纤维囊测量横隔膜到肋骨之间的距离。其影响 身体位置和加速度对区域肺扩张的影响 建立了肺、胸壁和腹部的有限元模型。 胸膜压力梯度的预测将与 实验结果。这项建议的第二部分涉及 胸水在胸膜间隙内和通过胸膜间隙的运动。 胸膜液体压力由胸膜表面压力决定， 肺、胸壁和重力相互作用的结果。因此， 胸腔积液压力垂直梯度小于 静液，在净向下粘性流动的胸腔积液。 在稳定状态下，胸水交换率等于粘稠度 血流，这是胸膜腔厚度的函数。的影响 心源性运动和机械通气对胸腔积液运动的影响 将通过注射荧光微球和荧光 液体进入胸膜腔并跟随着胸膜的运动 视频显微镜下的荧光染料。高血压病对高血压的影响 胸膜毛细血管滤过性检查将通过测量 自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)胸膜微血管压 微穿刺法与放射性运动的滤过率 白蛋白从血液进入胸膜腔。

The goal of this research is to study some of the mechanical factors affecting pleural pressure as they pertain to regional lung volume distribution and pleural liquid exchange. Regional lung volume distfibution is important to understanding the factors responsible for optimal gas exchange. The factors affecting pleural liquid exchange are important to understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of pleural effusions and to the efficient lubrication of the pleural surfaces. The first part of this proposal concerns the measurement of pleural liquid pressure as a reflection of regional lung volume. The factors responsible for the vertical-pleural pressure gradient in different body positions will be examined both experimentally and theoretically. In anesthetized animals, the effect of lung inflation on the regional lung expansion in different body positions will be measured using two techniques: measurement of pleural liquid pressure using rib capsules and measurement of alveolar size through pleural windows via videomicroscopy. Pleural pressure in the zone of apposition of the diaphragm to rib cage will be measured using fib capsules. The effects of body position and acceleration on regional lung expansion will be studied with a finite element model of the lung, chest wall and abdomen. Predictions of the pleural pressure gradient will be compared to experimental results. The second part of this proposal concerns the movement of pleural liquid within and through the pleural space. Pleural liquid pressure is governed by pleural surface pressure, the result of the interaction among the lung, chest wall and gravity. Thus the vertical gradient in pleural liquid pressure is less than hydrostatic, resuking in a net downward viscous flow of pleural liquid. In the steady state pleural liquid exchange rate equals the viscous flow, which is a function of the pleural space thickness. The effect of cardiogenic motion and ventilation on the movement of pleural liquid will be measured by injecting fluorescent microspheres and fluorescent liquid into the pleural space and following the movement of the fluorescent dye via videomicroscopy. The effect of hypertension on pleural capillary filtration will be examined by measuring in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) pleural micmvascular pressure by micropuncture and the filtration rate by the movement of radioactive albumin from the blood into the pleural space.