EFFECTS OF DIETARY FATS ON LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM

增加膳食中饱和脂肪和胆固醇的摄入量 与血浆胆固醇升高和低胆固醇有关 密度脂蛋白(LDL)胆固醇水平，减少出血 时间，增强的血小板聚集，免疫的改变 功能，并增加发展为早冠脉的风险 动脉疾病(CAD)。饮食摄入量的增加 多不饱和脂肪和/或饮食饱和脂肪限制 似乎减少了其中一些不利的联系。 此外，多不饱和脂肪主要是必需脂肪酸。 他们的日常营养需求还没有确定。 这项研究的目的是进行良好的饮食控制 影响的研究：1)改变日粮中的 亚油酸(0%，2%。卡路里的6%和8%)或其衍生物 伽马亚麻酸(卡路里的0%和2%)，2)改变 日粮亚麻酸含量(0%、0.3%、2%和4%)或其 二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的衍生物(0% 和2%)卡路里；3)测试长期影响(1年) 饮食中含有10%饱和脂肪，100毫克胆固醇/1000 卡路里，10%的多不饱和脂肪和5%的饮食 饱和脂肪，60毫克胆固醇/1000卡路里，10% 多不饱和脂肪。饮食研究1和2将在10年内进行 每名正常血脂受试者和研究3将在20%进行 血脂正常的受试者，10名有家族性低脂血症的受试者 蛋白血症，10例家族性合并 高脂血症。要检查的参数将包括等离子体 脂蛋白脂含量、载脂蛋白A-I、A-II、B和E、LDL 和高密度脂蛋白亚类，极低密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白载脂蛋白B-100和高密度脂蛋白载脂蛋白A-I 动力学，血浆脂蛋白的变化对明确的反应 脂肪餐(1克/公斤脂肪)，血小板血栓素B2(衡量 血小板聚集)、出血时间、血压、延迟 超敏反应，外周血单核细胞 T、B细胞有丝分裂原和淋巴因子的促分裂反应 队形。 该项目的目标是确定最佳的饮食摄入量。 必需脂肪酸及其衍生物，饱和脂肪， 正常和血脂异常人群中的单不饱和脂肪和胆固醇 人类在改善与以下方面相关的参数方面 早产儿冠心病(低密度脂蛋白升高，高密度脂蛋白降低，血液升高 压力和出血时间增加)。

An increased dietary intake of saturated fat and cholesterol has been associated with elevations in plasma cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, decreased bleeding time, enhanced platelet aggregation, alterations in immune function, and an increased risk of developing premature coronary artery disease (CAD). An increased dietary intake of polyunsaturated fats and/or dietary saturated fat restriction appears to decrease some of these adverse associations. Moreover polyunsaturated fats are mainly essential fatty acids and their daily nutritional requirements have not been established. The aims of this research are to carry out well controlled diet studies on the effects of: 1) altering the dietary content of linoleic acid (0%, 2%. 6% and 8% of calories) or of its derivative gamma linolenic acid (0% and 2% of calories), 2) altering the dietary content of linolenic acid (0%, 0.3%, 2%, and 4%) or its derivatives eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (0% and 2%) of calories; 3) testing the long term effects (1 year) of a diet containing 10% saturated fat, 100 mg cholesterol/1000 calories, and 10% polyunsaturated fat and a diet containing 5% saturated fat, 60 mg cholesterol/1000 calories, and 10% polyunsaturated fat. Diet studies 1 and 2 will be carried out in 10 normolipidemic subjects each and study 3 will be carried out in 20 normolipidemic subjects, 10 subjects with familial hypoalphalipo proteinemia, and 10 subjects with familial combined hyperlipidemia. Parameters to be examined will include plasma lipoprotein lipid content, apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, B, and E, LDL and HDL subclasses, VLDL and LDL apoB-100 and HDL apoA-I kinetics, plasma lipoprotein alterations in response to a defined fat meal (1 gm/kg of fat), platelet thromboxane B2 (a measure of platelet aggregation), bleeding time, blood pressure, delayed hypersensitivity response, peripheral blood mononuclear cell mitogenic response to T and B cell mitogens and lymphokine formation. The objectives of the project are to define optimal dietary intakes of essential fatty acids and their derivatives, saturated fats, monounsaturated fats, and cholesterol in normal and dyslipidemic humans in terms of improving parameters associated with premature CAD (elevated LDL, decreased HDL, increased blood pressure, and increased bleeding time).