LOSSES AND SEPARATIONS: IMMUNE STATUS

心理社会事件，如失去或与重要的人分离 其他的，与各种精神病学和医学相关 精神错乱。童年早期的分离经历往往是长期的 后果，如成人抑郁、孤独和健康状况不佳。这个 事实上，报告的发病率和死亡率的增加可能与 免疫力受损。在此，我们建议前瞻性地研究 早期和长期的行为和免疫学后果 社会分离经历与社会支持在递减中的作用 使用一种成熟的动物模型研究这些经验的影响 失去，短暂的非人类灵长类母婴分离。一个全面的 免疫学小组将包括体外丝裂原诱导的测定 淋巴细胞增殖、B细胞、T细胞和T细胞计数 亚群，自然杀伤细胞细胞毒性的评价， 鸡传染性支气管炎特异性抗体的产生及迟发型超敏反应 锁孔帽状血蓝蛋白，并评估吞噬功能。此面板 评估体液免疫和细胞免疫的能力 体内和体外程序。面板将在之前、期间和 在经历了各种社会压力之后(早期的母亲分离，进入 新的社会群体，接触新的刺激和情况)，以及三岁 在整个长期的随访期内，每隔一个月。量词 行为观察将在整个研究期间进行，从早期开始 母体分离直到完成前瞻性随访研究 在4岁的时候。对照动物将接受相同的评估，但 而不会经历早早的分离。将会建立相关关系 在行为和免疫变化之间。社会的作用 将对支持进行评估，比较产妇的相对影响 帽子和辫子猴的分离经历，两个物种 不同的社会群体结构。帽子倾向于分担对年轻人的照顾 (高社会支持)，而辫子猴不(低社会支持) 支持)。据预测，扎辫子的婴儿将表现出更大的 低支持度导致分离过程中的行为和免疫学变化 在他们的社会群体中相对于帽子猴子的因素。这个项目 对于理解当前和长期的 早期社会分离的术语、行为和免疫学相关性 经历。这些发现将大大提高我们对 悲痛和健康风险增加的病理生理学研究 最近刚失去亲人。

Psychosocial events, such as the loss of or separation from a significant other, have been associated with a variety of psychiatric and medical disorders. Early childhood separation experiences often have long term consequences, such as adult depression, loneliness, and poor health. The reported increased morbidity and mortality could, in fact, be related to impairments in immunity. Herein, we propose to study, prospectively, the immediate and long term behavioral and immunological consequences of early social separation experiences and the role of social support in diminishing the impact of these experiences using a well-established animal model of loss, brief nonhuman primate mother-infant separation. A comprehensive immunological panel will include determination of in vitro mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation, enumeration of B cells, T cells, and T cell subsets, evaluation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity, measurement of the generation of specific antibodies and delayed hypersensitivity responses to Keyhole limpet hemacyanin, and assessment of phagocytosis. This panel assesses competency of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity with both in vivo and in vitro procedures. Panels will occur prior to, during, and following various social stressors (early maternal separation, entry into a new social group, exposure to novel stimuli and situations) and at three month intervals throughout a long term follow up period. Quantative behavioral observations will occur throughout the study period from early maternal separation until the completion of the prospective follow up study at 4 years of age. Control animals will undergo identical evaluations but without experiencing an early separation. Correlations will be made between the behavioral and immunological changes. The role of social support will be evaluated comparing the relative impact of maternal separation experiences in bonnet and pigtailed monkeys, two species with different social group structures. Bonnets tend to share care of young (high social support) whereas pigtailed monkeys do not (low social support). It is predicted that pigtailed infants will show greater behavioral and immunological changes during separation due to low support factors within their social group relative to bonnet monkeys. This project has important implications for an understanding of the immediate and long term behavioral and immunological correlates of early social separation experiences. These findings will significantly improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of grief and increased health risk among the recently bereaved.