HEAD INJURY OUTCOME

创伤性头部损伤是脑损伤的主要原因， 健康的年轻人。 据估计，40万新病例 在美国，每年都有因头部受伤而住院的人。 在 除了美元的成本，头部受伤的意义作为一个主要的 健康和社会问题的根源在于， 数量庞大，受影响的人口很年轻，如果受害者幸存下来， 他们可以期待正常的寿命，但质量可能会降低 脑损伤的后果所导致的生命损失。 本申请的主要目的是确定头部损伤 结果和预测结果的因素。 预测因素，将 包括头部损伤严重程度、其他系统严重程度 伤害（根据简化伤害量表评估）和预先存在的 条件 我们亦会研究康复治疗的范围 使用，如果可能的话，公平评估治疗的效果。 我们 建议通过执行辅助操作来满足本申请的目的 基于三项头部损伤结局的纵向研究的分析， 其中国家卫生服务中心 研究和一个由美国国立卫生研究院。 这三 研究涉及500名成年人的前瞻性研究， 280例对照组。 所有受试者均 仔细研究了相同的研究方案。 所有受试者 重型颅脑损伤患者随访时间为2年 受伤后。 本申请的其他目的包括检查 通常用于评估的神经心理学测量的可靠性 脑损伤 除了我们的对比对象，200名正常人 来自圣地亚哥加州大学的控制系统将 可用于可靠性研究。 这笔赠款的具体目标涉及到新出现的问题， 在分析以前的研究以及长期的问题， 长期利益，需要更大的样本量比任何 个别研究已经能够提供。 了解头部受伤的预期结果，并能够预测 它们准确地提供了许多方面的好处，包括 评估治疗，分配卫生服务，改善 临床决策，并协助患者和家属计划 未来

Traumatic head injury is the leading cause of brain damage in previously healthy young people. It is estimated that 400,000 new cases are hospitalized for head injury each year in the United States. In addition to the dollar cost, the significance of head injury as a major health and social problem comes from the fact that the numbers involved are large, the population affected is young, and if the victims survive, they can expect a normal life span but a possibility of reduced quality of life resulting from the consequences of brain damage. The major aim of this application is the determination of head injury outcome and factors predictive of outcome. Predictive factors that will be investigated include head injury severity, severity of other system injuries (as assessed by the Abbreviated Injury Scale) and pre-existing conditions. We will also examine the extend of rehabilitation treatment use and, if fair evaluation is possible, the efficacy of treatments. We propose to satisfy the aims of this application by performing secondary analyses based on three longitudinal studies of head injury outcome, two of which were supported by the National Center for Health Services Research and one by the National Institutes of Health. These three studies involve 500 adult prospectively studied representative head injured cases and 280 comparison subjects. All subjects have been carefully studied with the same study protocol. All subjects were followed to one year and the severely head injured cases to two years post injury. Additional aims of this application involve examination of the reliability of neuropsychological measures commonly used to assess brain damage. In addition to our comparison subjects, 200 normal controls from the University of California at San Diego will be available for the reliability studies. The specific aims of this grant involve new questions that have arisen during the analyses of the prior studies as well as questions of long- standing interest that require larger sample sizes than any of the individual studies has been able to provide. Knowing the expected outcomes form head injury and being able to predict them accurately provides benefits in a number of areas including evaluation of treatments, allocation of health services, improved clinical decisions and assisting patients and families in planning for the future.