HEAD INJURY OUTCOME

创伤性头部损伤是脑损伤的主要原因 健康的年轻人。据估计，40万新病例是 在美国，他每年都会因头部受伤而住院。在……里面 除了美元的成本，头部受伤的意义作为一项重大 健康和社会问题来自于涉及的数字 是庞大的，受影响的人口是年轻的，如果受害者活下来， 他们可以预期正常的寿命，但可能会降低质量 大脑损伤的后果所导致的生命。 这一应用的主要目的是确定头部损伤。 结果和预测结果的因素。预测性因素将 接受调查包括头部损伤的严重程度，其他系统的严重程度 伤害(按简明伤害表评估)和预先存在 条件。我们还将研究康复治疗的范围。 使用和，如果可能的话，公平的评估，治疗的效果。我们 建议通过执行次要操作来满足此应用程序的目标 基于对头部损伤结局的三项纵向研究的分析，两项 其中由国家卫生服务中心提供支持 其中一项研究是由美国国立卫生研究院进行的。这三个人 研究涉及500名成人前瞻性研究的代表性负责人 受伤病例和280例对照对象。所有的受试者都被 用相同的研究方案仔细研究。所有受试者都是 随访期为一年，重度头部损伤病例为两年 受伤后。本申请的其他目的包括审查 常用的神经心理学测量方法的可靠性评估 脑部受损。除了我们的对比对象，200名正常 加州大学圣地亚哥分校的控制措施将是 可用于可靠性研究。 这笔赠款的具体目的涉及到出现的新问题 在对前人研究的分析中，以及对长期存在的问题进行了分析。 长期利益，需要比任何一个 个人研究已经能够提供。 了解头部损伤的预期结果，并能够预测 它们准确地提供了许多方面的好处，包括 对治疗的评价、卫生服务的分配得到改进 临床决策和协助患者和家属规划 未来。

Traumatic head injury is the leading cause of brain damage in previously healthy young people. It is estimated that 400,000 new cases are hospitalized for head injury each year in the United States. In addition to the dollar cost, the significance of head injury as a major health and social problem comes from the fact that the numbers involved are large, the population affected is young, and if the victims survive, they can expect a normal life span but a possibility of reduced quality of life resulting from the consequences of brain damage. The major aim of this application is the determination of head injury outcome and factors predictive of outcome. Predictive factors that will be investigated include head injury severity, severity of other system injuries (as assessed by the Abbreviated Injury Scale) and pre-existing conditions. We will also examine the extend of rehabilitation treatment use and, if fair evaluation is possible, the efficacy of treatments. We propose to satisfy the aims of this application by performing secondary analyses based on three longitudinal studies of head injury outcome, two of which were supported by the National Center for Health Services Research and one by the National Institutes of Health. These three studies involve 500 adult prospectively studied representative head injured cases and 280 comparison subjects. All subjects have been carefully studied with the same study protocol. All subjects were followed to one year and the severely head injured cases to two years post injury. Additional aims of this application involve examination of the reliability of neuropsychological measures commonly used to assess brain damage. In addition to our comparison subjects, 200 normal controls from the University of California at San Diego will be available for the reliability studies. The specific aims of this grant involve new questions that have arisen during the analyses of the prior studies as well as questions of long- standing interest that require larger sample sizes than any of the individual studies has been able to provide. Knowing the expected outcomes form head injury and being able to predict them accurately provides benefits in a number of areas including evaluation of treatments, allocation of health services, improved clinical decisions and assisting patients and families in planning for the future.