PROTOTYPE RESEARCH ON PERSONALITY DISORDERS

本研究将为实证分析提供一个新的视角。 分类系统称为原型模型。方法论 与原型模型相关联的模型将用于分析DSM-III 人格障碍的分类。这其中有两个阶段 学习。第一阶段是可行性研究，以测试 人格障碍的分类原型模型。 第二阶段拟制订经修订的人格分类 精神错乱。目前只为第一阶段申请资金 研究。第一阶段的研究分为两个部分。在A部分，重点是 将对各种样机原型进行鉴定 人格障碍。A部分有六项研究：(A.1)制定 病历资料库，(a.2)确定案例样本 历史，(A.3)样本核实，(A.4)将样本与 非样本，(A.5)在修订的病历中预测样本，以及 (A.6)测试在分配人格障碍时可能存在的性别偏见 诊断。B部分将使用“动作频率”方法来概括 可用于诊断标准的客观特征 定义人格障碍。B部分将包含七项研究： (b.1)DSM-III-R标准的表面有效性，(b.2)初步研究 客观与主观人格特质，(B.3)主观性与主观性 DSM-III-R标准的客观性，(B.4)产生行为，(B.5) ACTS的典型性评级，(B.6)将ACTS与DSM-III-R进行比较 标准，以及(B.7)ACTS的交叉验证。两组受试者将 在这项研究中使用。第一批将是一群普通精神病学家， 从美国精神病学协会会员中随机抽取 协会。第二个将是一组研究精神病学家，他们都是 以人格为主题发表过文章/书籍/章节的人 精神错乱。在整个研究过程中，有两个总体目标 派拉蒙：(1)收集可用于改善 人格障碍的分类和(2)测试人格障碍的效用 理解分类的原型视角 精神变态学。

This study will invoke a new perspective to the empirical analysis of classificatory systems called the prototype model. The methodology associated with the prototype model will be used to analyze the DSM-III classification of personality disorders. There are two stages in this study. Stage I will be a feasibility study to test the applicability of the prototype model to the classification of the personality disorders. Stage II intends to formulate a revised classification of personality disorders. Funding is only being requested at this time for Stage I of the research. The research in Stage I has two parts. In Part A, the focus will be on the identification of exemplar prototypes for the various personality disorders. There are six studies in Part A: (A.1) creating a pool of case histories, (A.2) identification of exemplars from the case histories, (A.3) verification of exemplars, (A.4) comparing exemplars to non-exemplars, (A.5) predicting exemplars among revised case histories, and (A.6) testing for possible sex bias in assigning personality disorder diagnoses. Part B will use an "act frequency" approach to general objective characteristics that can be used in the diagnostic criteria for defining the personality disorders. Part B will contain seven studies: (B.1) face validity of the DSM-III-R criteria, (B.2) preliminary study of objective vs. subjective personality traits, (B.3) subjectivity vs. objectivity of the DSM-III-R criteria, (B.4) generating acts, (B.5) prototypicality ratings of acts, (B.6) comparing acts to DSM-III-R criteria, and (B.7) cross-validation of acts. Two groups of subjects will be used in this study. The first will be a group of general psychiatrists, randomly sampled from the membership of the American Psychiatric Association. The second will be a group of research psychiatrists, all of whom have published articles/books/chapters on the topic of the personality disorders. Throughout this research endeavor, two general goals will be paramount: (1) gathering information which could be used to improve the classification of the personality disorders and (2) testing the utility of the prototype perspective for understanding the classification of psychopathology.