EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF EPINERGIC NEURONS IN BRAIN

肾上腺素能神经元表达合成肾上腺素所需的特异性酶。 肾上腺素 拟议的研究将调查胚胎和 大鼠脑干外能神经元的生后分化 脊髓和下丘脑的外能纤维。 此外，可能 激素对外能表型标记物发育的影响将 在体内和体外进行研究。 免疫细胞化学，放射自显影， 高效液相色谱法、放射酶测定法和组织 培养将结合起来，提供形态和生化 描述肾上腺素能分化。 具体而言，建议 研究试图1）定义神经发生之间的时间关系 在神经管和神经嵴的表型表达 衍生物，2）研究瞬时神经递质的现象 在脑中的表达，3）描述了在脑中的epinergic纤维的发育， 脊髓和下丘脑，4）比较中枢和外周肾上腺素能 关于糖皮质激素可能的调节，5）阐明 糖皮质激素对肾上腺素能发育可能的经胎盘作用 在胎儿脑和脊髓中，6）研究 肽能表型在epinergic神经元，和7）研究的因素， 长期影响肾上腺素能神经元的体外发育 胚胎延髓的外植体培养。 这些研究涉及发育生物学的基本问题， 神经科学涉及细胞决定的过程， 特异性和差异性。 参与因素的阐明 脑内神经递质的表达和发育及其可能的作用 激素作为细胞外的影响，可能，在未来， 了解发育中的神经元周围环境的变化 产生异常的发育。 反过来，这可能有助于 了解人类的出生缺陷，并最终治疗 操纵神经元分化过程。

Epinergic neurons express specific enzymes required for the synthesis of epinephrine. The proposed studies will investigate the embryonic and postnatal differentiation of epinergic neurons in the rat brainstem and epinergic fibers in spinal cord and hypothalamus. In addition, possible hormonal influences on the development of epinergic phenotypic markers will be studied in vivo and in vitro. Immunocytochemistry, autoradiography, high-performance liquid chromatography, radioenzymatic assay and tissue culture will be combined to provide morphological and biochemical descriptions of epinergic differentiation. Specifically, the proposed studies seek to 1) define the temporal relationships between neurogenesis and epinergic phenotypic expression in neural tube and neural crest derivatives, 2) investigate the phenomenon of transient neurotransmitter expression in the brain, 3) describe the development of epinergic fibers in spinal cord and hypothalamus, 4) compare central to peripheral epinergic cells with respect to possible regulation by glucocorticoids, 5) elucidate possible transplacental effects of glucocorticoids on epinergic development in the fetal brain and spinal cord, 6) investigate expression of peptidergic phenotypes in epinergic neurons, and 7) study factors which influence the in vitro development of epinergic neurons in long-term explant cultures of embryonic medulla oblongata. These studies address fundamental issues in developmental biology and neuroscience concerning the processes involved in cell determination, specificity and differentiation. Elucidation of factors involved in neurotransmitter expression and development in brain and the possible role of hormones as extracellular influences, may, in the future, lead to an understanding of loci where changes in the milieu of the developing neuron produces aberrant development. In turn, this may contribute to an understanding of birth defects in the human and ultimately to therapeutic manipulation of processes involved in neuronal differentiation.