THE FILTERING OF CORTICAL AND BASAL GANGLIA OUTPUTS

拟议研究的长期目标是确定 基底神经节和皮质对运动的相对贡献 控制 大量的实验文献涉及各种不同的影响。 干预（电刺激，电解和细胞毒性损伤， 注射药物）对运动的影响 协同 这些研究之所以有趣，是因为它们揭示了 对控制正常行为的基底神经节机制的影响， 它们提供的关于这些机制故障的信息， 潜在的疾病，如帕金森病，迟发性运动障碍， 亨廷顿舞蹈病。 这些研究中有许多是用老鼠做的， 在大鼠中，尾状核、壳核和苍白球充满 离皮质通道纤维。 这种基底神经节神经元的共存 与皮质纤维的通道使得很难解释结果 使用电刺激或电凝的研究 这些结构。 在拟议的研究中， 将麻醉大鼠颈部和肩部的特定肌肉 记录双侧对单侧电刺激的反应， 皮质、尾状核和苍白球。 大的吸入性病变 会导致皮质纤维变性 的通道。 基底神经节给定核的电刺激 皮质纤维变性后， 关于这个核的输出对肌肉活动的影响， 没有皮质输出 特定核的细胞毒性病变 基底神经节会留下完整的皮质通道纤维。 电 刺激皮层神经元变性后，在一个给定的 基底神经节的核团将揭示运动的特征 在没有来自该核的输出的情况下由皮层驱动的活动。

The long-term objective of the proposed research is to determine the relative contributions of the basal ganglia and the cortex to motor control. A large experimental literature deals with the effects of various interventions (electrical stimulation, electrolytic and cytotoxic lesions, injection of pharmacological agents) of the basal ganglia on motor coordination. These studies are of interest because of the light they shed on basal ganglia mechanisms that control normal behavior, and the information they provide about malfunctions of these mechanisms that underlie disorders such as Parkinson's Disease, tardive dyskinesia, and Huntington's Chorea. Many of these studies have been done with rats, and in rats the caudate, putamen and globus pallidus are replete with cortifugal fibers of passage. This cohabitation of basal ganglia neurons with cortial fibers of passage makes it difficult to interpret the results of studies that have utilized electrical stimulation or electrocoagulation of these structures. In the proposed research the electrical activity of specific muscles of the neck and shoulder of anesthetized rats will be recorded bilaterally in response to unilateral electrical stimulation of the cortex, caudate nucleus and globus pallidus. Large aspiration lesions of the cortex will be made leading to degeneration of the cortical fibers of passage. Electrical stimulation of a given nucleus of the basal ganglia following degeneration of the cortical fibers will provide information about the effect of the output of that nucleus on muscle activity in the absence of cortical output. Cytotoxic lesions of a given nucleus of the basal ganglia will leave cortical fibers of passage intact. Electrical stimulation of the cortex following degeneration of neurons in a given nucleus of the basal ganglia will reveal the characteristics of motor activity driven by the cortex in the absence of output from that nucleus.