EVENT-RELATED BRAIN POTENTIALS AND MEMORY

最近研究记忆的方法强调了 记忆是发生的过程相互作用的结果 在编码、排练和检索过程中。然而，这些中的大多数 过程缺乏明显的表现形式，只能被推断 间接的。最近的证据表明， 事件相关脑电位(ERP)，如P300和Slow WAVE，可以用来监控其中的一些隐蔽过程。在……里面 特别是，Karis，Fabiani和Donchin(1984)报告了数据 提示P300表现出记忆的变化 便于他们死记硬背的事件陈述 背记者，但不是为阐述者。我们提出的方案是 旨在进一步证实这一观察结果，测试其普遍性， 并阐明了发生变化的本质 表象与P300同时出现。我们建议进行实验 事件相关电位与回忆关系的通用性检验 在其他语言和非语言领域的范例中，以及 研究发生在记忆中的变化的本质 表示作为更新过程的结果，以及 存储器表示的状态和 随后的召回执行情况。所有的实验也都提出了 解决与独特性在记忆中的作用有关的问题。 该计划的主要长期目标是提供 有关记忆过程的信息 发生，通过在事件期间和之后立即记录事件相关电位 刺激的呈现。常规事件相关事件的联合分析 业绩衡量和对受试者的详细汇报 将允许开发和测试人工存储 模特们。我们还认为，这种方法可能会 在解决与以下方面相关的问题时非常有用 记忆障碍，通过允许调查人员分析和 分解内存功能所涉及的进程。

Recent approaches to the study of memory emphasize that memory is the result of the interaction of processes occurring during encoding, rehearsal and retrieval. However, most of these processes lack an overt manifestation and can only be inferred indirectly. Recent evidence indicates that components of the Event-Related Brain Potential (ERP), such as P300 and Slow Wave, can be used to monitor some of these covert processes. In particular, Karis, Fabiani, and Donchin (1984) reported data suggesting that P300 manifests changes in the memory representations of events that facilitate their recall for rote memorizers but not for elaborators. The program we propose is designed to further confirm this observation, test its generality, and elucidate the nature of the change that occurs in the representation concurrently with a P300. We propose experiments testing the generality of the relationship between ERPs and recall in paradigms in oth verbal and non-verbal domains, and investigating the nature of the changes occurring in the memory representation as a consequence of the updating process, and the interactions between the status of the memory representation and subsequent recall performane. All the experiments proposed also address problems related to the role of distinctiveness in memory. The major long term objective of this program is to provide information concerning memory processes while they are occurring, by recording ERPs during and immediately after the presentation of stimuli. The joint analyses of ERPs, conventional performance measures and extended debriefing of the subjects will allow the development and testing of artiulated memory models. We also believe that this approach could be potentially very useful in addressing some of the issues related to the disorders of memory, by allowing the investigator to analyze and decompose the processes involved in the memory function.