Plasma Physics HEC Consortia

等离子体物理学是研究完全电离气体或表现出类似集体行为的致密物质的性质的学科。因此，这些需要研究的过程涵盖远离其平衡态的物质动力学理论，磁化和导电等离子体的流体动力学，以及这些过程在大范围的时间和长度尺度上的相互作用，通常是在复杂的几何结构中。这样的问题很少在分析上容易处理，因此许多等离子体物理求助于高端计算(HEC)来执行大规模模拟。这个计划中的HEC联盟将涵盖计算等离子体物理的所有方面。这包括用于优化反应堆性能的磁约束聚变(MCF)设备的建模、用于优化激光粒子加速器源的模拟、用于高强度激光等离子体实验和激光驱动聚变的新方法。在所有这些领域，都需要高端计算(HEC)资源用于模拟，这对指导实验和研究计划(包括对未来等离子体设施性能的可靠预测能力)或解释来自耦合的多尺度、非线性且往往是相对论过程的复杂诊断集至关重要。为了帮助保持英国在聚变反应堆设计和基础等离子体物理方面的领先地位，HEC联盟需要英国国家级计算资源的区块分配。这将使人们更容易获得此类设施，并使英国能够在确保计算资源可用的情况下，集体规划需要多年才能完成的计算程序。在这笔HEC财团赠款的五年期间，HEC架构可能会发生变化，因此优化当前和未来机器的代码是必不可少的。此外，必须开发和实施新的物理方案，使英国保持在这项研究的前沿。因此，该联盟还需要资金用于软件开发，以利用计算资源并保持代码在世界上的领先地位。因此，拟议的HEC联盟将进行模拟，以支持英国的核聚变计划；为新的物理过程开发软件，并保持等离子体和激光物理的科学影响。

Plasma physics is the study of the properties of fully ionised gases or dense matter that exhibits similar collective behaviour. The processes, which need to be investigated, therefore cover kinetic theory of matter far from its equilibrium state, fluid dynamics of magnetised and conductive plasmas and the interaction of these processes across a huge range of time and length scales, often in complex geometries. Such problems are rarely tractable analytically and thus much of plasma physics resorts to High End Computing (HEC) to perform massive simulations. This planned HEC Consortium will cover all aspects of computational plasma physics. This includes modelling for magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) devices to optimize reactor performance, simulations to optimize laser-particle accelerator sources, novel approaches to high-intensity laser plasma experiments and laser-driven fusion. In all these areas High End Computing (HEC) resources are needed for simulations which are essential to either guiding experiments and research programmes (including a reliable predictive capability for the performance of future plasma facilities) or interpreting the complex diagnostic sets from coupled multi-scale, non-linear and often relativistic processes. To help maintain the UK's leading role in fusion reactor design and basic plasma physics the HEC Consortium requires a block allocation of UK National level computing resource. This will ease the access to such facilities and allow the UK to collectively plan computational programmes, which will require many years to complete, in the certainty that the computing resources will be available. Over the five-year duration of this HEC Consortium grant HEC architectures are likely to change and optimising codes for current and future machines is therefore essential. In addition new physics packages must be developed and implemented to keep the UK at the cutting edge of this research. The Consortium therefore also requires funding for software development to exploit the computing resources and keep codes world-leading.The proposed HEC Consortium will therefore conduct simulations in support of the UK fusion programme; software development for novel physical processes and maintain the scientific impact of plasma and laser physics.