Development of Unified Experimental and Theoretical Approach to Predict Reactive Transport in Subsurface Porous Media

该项目旨在减少与21世纪世纪主要全球挑战相关的不确定性和风险-确保可持续获得水、能源和粮食。对自然系统应对这一挑战的基本认识在很大程度上与多孔岩石的储存和开采有关：这包括安全储存二氧化碳以减少温室气体排放、有效回收碳氢化合物储层和地下水管理。碳酸盐岩等复杂的地质结构包含世界上至少一半的常规石油储量，并具有显著的二氧化碳储存能力。英国的战略能源计划包括在提高石油采收率和碳酸盐碳储存方面发挥主导作用。英国最重要的含水层是非常纯净的石灰石（碳酸钙），提供超过一半的饮用水和工业用水。输运--流体如何通过复杂地质结构移动的定量描述，对于合理理解自然系统中的这些过程至关重要，但它仍然没有完全理解，特别是当与化学反应相结合时。虽然众所周知，地质系统承载着跨越巨大时空尺度的物理和化学过程，但迄今为止的研究主要集中在理解多孔介质的结构，以及流场，运输和反应之间相互作用的宏观描述。然而，孔隙结构、流场、运输和化学反应之间的相互作用是未知的。化学反应引入了下一个层次的复杂性，这是特别具有挑战性的定量描述跨越一个层次的长度尺度。我们将通过结合新的实验核磁共振方法与一种新的多尺度建模方法来解决多孔介质中反应输运的问题。这种统一的方法将有一个关键的优势，在保留详细的信息局部反应输运参数的空间和时间分布函数，而不是只有空间和/或时间平均的宏观参数。我们将进行一项系统的研究计划，将孔隙到核心尺度的测量和反应运输过程的建模整合到一个统一的实验和理论框架中，旨在回答以下关键问题：* 我们如何建立一种方法来测量和预测含水层和水库内的反应运输率？*天然岩石中控制反应性迁移的结构、流动、迁移和反应性质之间的关系是什么？在预测天然岩石的结构、流动、输运和反应性质方面的反应输运时，有哪些关键的不确定性？*在孔隙尺度上的传输和反应物理对大尺度上的反应传输有什么影响？

This project aims to reduce the uncertainty and risk associated with key global challenges for the 21st century - securing sustainable access to water, energy and food. The underpinning understanding of natural systems to address this challenge is, in a large part, concerned with storage and extraction from porous rock: this includes safe storage of carbon dioxide to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, efficient recovery from hydrocarbon reservoirs and groundwater management. Complex geological structures such as carbonate rock contain at least half of the world's conventional oil reserves, and have a significant storage capacity for CO2. The UK strategic energy plans include taking a leading role in enhanced oil recovery and carbon storage in carbonates. The most important UK aquifer is a remarkably pure limestone (calcium carbonate) providing more than half the water supply for drinking and industrial purposes. Transport - a quantitative description of how fluids move - through complex geological structures is absolutely crucial to a rational understanding of these processes in natural systems and yet it is still not fully understood, especially when coupled with chemical reactions. While it is well known that geological systems host physical and chemical processes that span a huge range of spatial and temporal scales, research - to date - has largely focused on understanding the structure of the porous medium, and the macroscopic description of the interplay between flow field, transport and reaction. However the interplay between pore structure, flow field, transport and chemical reaction is unknown.Chemical reaction introduces the next level of complexity that is particularly challenging to quantitatively describe across a hierarchy of length scales. We will address this problem for reactive transport in porous media by combining new experimental Nuclear Magnetic Resonance methods with a novel multiple scale modelling method. This unified approach will have a key advantage in retaining detailed information on localised reactive transport parameters in terms of spatial and temporal distribution functions, rather than only having spatially and/or temporally averaged macroscopic parameters. We will undertake a systematic program of research integrating pore-to-core scale measurements and modelling of reactive transport processes into a unified experimental and theoretical framework aimed at answering the following key questions:* How can we establish a methodology to measure and predict the reactive transport rates within aquifers and reservoirs?* What are relationships between structural, flow, transport and reaction properties governing reactive transport in natural rock?* What are key uncertainties in predicting reactive transport in natural rock in terms of structural, flow, transport and reaction properties?* What impact the transport and reaction physics at the pore scale have on reactive transport at the large scale?