Spherical Interaction for Public Spaces (SIPS)

公共互动显示器有可能大大提高生活在未来城市空间的人们的生活质量。然而，目前的公共显示器和界面被大多数路人忽视或完全忽略。如果只有少数人接近这些显示器并发现它们的交互质量，则这对触敏显示器的影响和采用提出了严重的问题。设计和评估公共展示的现有方法在实现公共展示所提供的实质性机会方面并不成功。本研究通过利用曲面显示器的最新技术发展来解决这个问题，为公共空间创造社会可接受的和诱人的互动。曲面显示器为平面显示器不可能实现的公共互动提供了令人兴奋的机会。例如，圆柱形显示器模仿形状和形式的传统信息亭的传单和通知，可以在许多城市看到。这种显示器可以放置在人行道上，从许多角度观看。其他非平面形状，例如球形显示器，允许多个用户在面对彼此并查看垂直内容时进行交互。用户可以看到彼此并观察其他人交互的装置比用户无法观察彼此的显示器更令人鼓舞，并且导致更高的交互率。球形显示器的另一个重要方面是，从一个角度来看，整个显示器永远不会完全可见。虽然顶部的区域可能对两个用户都可见，但屏幕的垂直区域仅对某些用户可见。这些显示屏的“私人”区域可以被利用来支持社交显示屏上的共享、所有权和协作。鉴于曲面显示屏提供的新机会，需要进行基础研究，以了解这种新技术应该如何为公共空间设计和使用。目前对曲面相互作用的研究还很有限，对公共空间曲面相互作用的研究更是少之又少。这项研究的一个重要方面是开发新的多点触摸交互技术，利用曲面显示器的形状因子进行公共交互。这将涉及感知研究，以了解曲面上多点触摸手势的物理约束和人体工程学。本研究还将探讨新颖的手势和物理隐喻如何增强曲面上的交互。这将涉及评估用户对球形显示器的控制和响应的感知，模拟交互元素的不同摩擦和重量水平。本研究的另一个重要方面涉及曲面显示器与平面显示器相比如何在真实的公共空间中工作。很少有人知道不同的互动风格如何鼓励或阻止继续使用平面或弯曲的公共显示器。为了衡量这些指标的规模为大量的路人，新的评估技术是必要的。该项目引入了一种新的评估技术来捕获和分析公共设施周围的行人流量。这种方法可以量化公共展示使用的不同指标，并使收集大规模的数据集不可行与传统的观察方法。最后，本研究还旨在显着改变的方法来设计公共展示，考虑上下文和对当地空间的影响。公共显示器的先前工作主要涉及平面显示器，并且集中于使显示器尽可能引人注目和诱人。这就有可能造成不必要或不愉快的分心，实际上使公共空间不那么令人愉快。这项研究不仅将衡量我们的显示器有多吸引人，而且还将批判性地分析这些显示器对它们部署的地方的影响。

Public interactive displays have the potential to significantly enhance the quality of life for people living in future city spaces. However, current public displays and interfaces go unnoticed or completely ignored by the majority of passers-by. This presents a serious problem for the impact and uptake of touch sensitive displays if only a small minority will approach these displays and discover their interactive qualities. Existing approaches to designing and evaluating public displays have not been successful at realising the substantial opportunities that public displays afford. This research addresses this problem by exploiting recent technological developments in curved displays to create socially acceptable and enticing interactions for public spaces.Curved displays offer exciting opportunities for public interaction that are not possible with flat displays. For example, a cylindrical display mimics the shape and form traditional kiosks for flyers and notices that can be seen in many cities. This kind of display can be placed in a walkway and be viewed from many perspectives. Other non-flat shapes, such as spherical displays, allow multiple users to interact while facing each other and viewing vertical content. Installations where users can see each other and observe others interacting are more encouraging and result in higher rates of interaction than displays where users are unable to observe each other. Another important aspect of a spherical display is that the entire display is never completely visible from one perspective. While areas on the top may be visible to both users vertical areas of the screen are only visible to some. These "private" areas of the display could be exploited to support sharing, ownership, and collaboration on a social display.Given the new opportunities afforded by curved displays, foundational research is needed to understand how this new technology should be designed for and used in public spaces. There is limited research on interaction for curved surfaces and even less on curved surfaces for public spaces. An important aspect of this research is to develop novel multitouch interaction techniques that exploit the form factor of a curved display for public interaction. This will involve perceptual studies to learn the physical constraints and ergonomics of multitouch gestures on curved surfaces. This research will also explore how novel gestures and physical metaphors can enhance interaction on curved surfaces. This will involve evaluating user perceptions of control and responsiveness on a spherical display, simulating different levels of friction and weight for interactive elements.Another important aspect of this research involves how curved displays work in real public spaces as compared to flat displays. Little is known about how different interaction styles encourage or discourage continued use of flat or curved public displays. In order to measure these metrics at scale for large numbers of passers-by, new evaluation techniques are needed. This project introduces a novel evaluation technique to capture and analyse pedestrian traffic around public installations. This approach can quantify different metrics of public display usage and enable the collection of large-scale data sets not feasible with traditional observation methods.Finally, this research also aims to dramatically change the approach to designing public displays by considering context and impact on local spaces. Previous work on public displays has primarily involved flat displays and focused on making displays as noticeable and enticing as possible. This presents the possibility of creating unnecessary or unpleasant distraction and actually making public spaces less enjoyable places to be. This research will not only measure how enticing our displays are but also critically analyse the impact of these displays on the places where they are deployed.