IMMUNE SYSTEM HORMONES AS PITUITARY RELEASING FACTORS

垂体激素的释放受下丘脑神经和 体液输入以及来自目标的负反馈或正反馈信号 组织中 免疫系统是脑垂体的靶组织。 最近的研究表明，白细胞介素蛋白和胸腺激素可能 在下丘脑-垂体轴处作用反馈信号。 客观 这项研究资助申请的一个目的是鉴定新型胸腺肽 刺激垂体前叶分泌催乳素和生长激素， 探讨白细胞介素-6（IL-6）对垂体 荷尔蒙释放 新生儿胸腺切除术和先天性胸腺缺失是 导致脑下垂体前叶的形态改变。 由于在无胸腺小鼠血清中报告了催乳素和GH的减少， 动物，我们建议培养胸腺气孔元素，其中包含 所述细胞分泌细胞，并从这些细胞制备物中分离 刺激催乳素和生长激素释放的肽。 一旦被隔离，我们 将研究由这些激活的信号转导通路 垂体前叶的胸腺肽 胸腺肽调节 催乳素和生长激素的释放可能会影响免疫发生，因为这两个 这些垂体激素刺激免疫细胞功能。 淋巴细胞对抗原应答释放的白细胞介素蛋白 改变免疫过程 最近，这些蛋白质被 参与调节垂体激素分泌。 我们 初步研究表明，IL-6，一种具有多效性的细胞因子， 活动，刺激催乳素和GH的释放。 我们建议 研究这种刺激的特异性和信号传导 在垂体前叶中使用的转导途径。 自从IL-6 在低浓度（pM）下起作用，我们假设它是在 垂体并作为自分泌和/或旁分泌因子。 我们将分析 用于IL-6活性的垂体细胞条件培养基和富集的分离物 使用单位重力离心分离垂体细胞亚群， 确定产生IL-6的细胞类型。 贲门 粘液瘤和宫颈癌产生IL-6样因子;这些条件 与自身抗体的产生有关。 由于构成 IL-6的产生可能是诱导自身免疫性疾病的原因。 状态下，免疫增强垂体激素的刺激， 白细胞介素需要得到承认。

The release of pituitary hormones is regulated by hypothalamic neural and humoral input and also by negative or positive feedback signals from target tissues. The immune system is a target tissue of the pituitary gland. Recent studies have shown that interleukin proteins and thymic hormones may act a feedback signal at the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis. The objective of this research grant application is to identify novel thymic peptides that stimulate the release of prolactin and GH from the anterior pituitary, and to investigate the effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) upon pituitary hormone release. Neonatal thymectomy and congenital absence of the thymus are conditions that result in morphological alterations of the anterior pituitary gland. Since reductions in prolactin and GH are reported in the serum of athymic animals, we propose to culture the thymic stomal elements, which contain the hormone-secreting cells, and isolate from these cell preparations peptides that stimulate the release of prolactin and GH. Once isolated, we will investigate the signalling transduction pathway(s) activated by these thymic peptides in the anterior pituitary gland. Thymic peptide regulation of prolactin and GH release may act to affect immunogenesis, because both of these pituitary hormones stimulate immunocyte functioning. Interleukin proteins released by lymphoid cells in response to antigen alter the course of immunogenesis. Recently, these proteins have been implicated in the regulation of pituitary hormone secretion. Our preliminary studies show that IL-6, a cytokine with pleiotrophic activities, stimulate the release of prolactin and GH. We propose to investigate the specificity of this stimulation and the signalling transduction pathway(s) employed in the anterior pituitary. Since IL-6 acts in low concentration (pM), we hypothesize that it is produced in the pituitary and acts as a autocrine and/or paracrine factor. We will analyze pituitary cell conditioned medium for IL-6 activity and isolate enriched subpopulations of pituitary cells using unit gravity centrifugation to determine the cess type(s) that produces IL-6. Patients with cardiac myxoma and cervical carcinoma produce an IL-6 like factor; these conditions are associated with the production of autoantibodies. Since constitutive production of IL-6 may be responsible for the induction of an autoimmune state, the stimulation of immunopotentiating pituitary hormones by this interleukin needs to be acknowledged.