MEMORY-BASED CONCEPT FORMATION

认知行为的一个基本组成部分涉及抽象规则 形成概念。概念形成的研究 专门研究了在抽象过程中形成的抽象类型， 编码，抽象也是作为计算的结果形成的， 是在检索到的信息而不是传入的信息上执行的。尽管 这种形式的概念行为的普遍性，很少有 对抽象过程的系统研究， 检索信息。目前提案的目标是制定一个 理解相互作用的一般框架 分类、抽象和记忆过程。实验 建议调查的一般特点和限制 与检索、重新编码和分析存储的示例相关， 形成概括，构建范畴， 做出分类决策。的一般步骤 实验是推迟尝试分析类别信息，直到 在信息被编码之后， 对检索到的信息而不是传入的信息进行操作。 的结果 拟议的实验不仅有助于发展 理解记忆和记忆之间相互作用的一般框架 抽象的过程，也给我们理解几个基本的 认知现象 考虑到在许多情况下分类任务， 心理健康领域，涉及大量的输入从检索过程， 这些实验的结果将与许多 分类过程发生在心理健康领域。 以记忆为基础的抽象过程不仅适用于病人， 治疗环境，检索和分析以前的事件， 对这些经历进行分类和归纳， 临床医生做出的评估、诊断和治疗决定。 所提出的实验还研究了使用一些 决策规则和分类过程的实验也研究 使用一些决策规则和分类过程， 是临床诊断的核心，例如对相关性的敏感性 (e.g.心理症状和诊断类别之间）， 使用类别的原型表示（例如，在诊断 分类）。一旦基本的认知过程限制了 理解基于记忆的分类和决策， 知识可用于提高若干方面的业绩， 心理健康领域的分类任务，例如 心理诊断

A fundamental component of cognitive behavior involves abstracting rules and forming concepts. While research on concept formation has exclusively examined the types of abstractions that are formed during encoding, abstractions are also formed as a result of computations that are performed on retrieved rather than incoming information. Despite the pervasiveness of this form of conceptual behavior, there has been little systematic investigation of abstraction processes that operate on retrieved information. The goal of the current proposal is to develop a general framework for understanding the interaction between categorization, abstraction, and memory processes. Experiments are proposed to investigate the general characteristics and constraints associated with retrieving, re-encoded, and analyzing stored examples in the process of forming generalizations, constructing categories, and making categorization decisions. The general procedure for the experiments is to delay attempts to analyze category information until after the information has been encoded, so that abstraction processes operate on retrieved rather than incoming information. The results of the proposed experiments will contribute not only to the development of a general framework for understanding the interaction between memory and abstraction processes, but also to our understanding of several basic cognitive phenomena. Given that categorization tasks in many circumstances, including the mental health area, involve substantial input from retrieval processes, the results of these experiments will have relevance to a number of categorization processes that occur in the mental health field. Memory-based abstraction processes not only apply to patients in a therapeutic environment who retrieve and analyze prior episodes in order to categorize and form generalizations about these experiences, but also on evaluation, diagnostic, and treatment decisions made by clinicians. The proposed experiments also investigate the use of a number of decision rules and categorization processes experiments also investigate the use of a number of decision rules and categorization processes that are central to clinical diagnosis, such as sensitivity to correlations (e.g. between psychological symptoms and diagnostic categories) and the use of prototypical representations of categories (e.g., in diagnostic classification). Once the basic cognitive processes that constrain memory-based classification and decision making are understood, this knowledge can be used to enhance performance on a number of classification tasks in the mental health field, such as psychodiagnosis.