SCHIZOTYPAL PD--VALIDITY & RELATIONSHIP TO SCHIZOPHRENIA

临床医生和研究人员试图描述和定义一种 人格类型具有精神分裂症的一些特征，如 性格特征稳定，具有共同的遗传基础。DSM-III 通过将精神分裂型人格障碍纳入其中，巩固了这些努力 (SPD)。关于SPD的许多工作都集中在各种不同的 症状与诊断结果一致。拟议的研究将确定是否 与精神分裂症相关的认知和心理生理测量 支持SPD的效度，评价SPD的区分效度 个人标准。因为有证据表明SPD可能 确定一个不同的群体，这项研究还将测试一个假定的 区分两种类型的SPD，一种与遗传相关 精神分裂症(家族性精神分裂症)和另一种非精神分裂症(临床精神分裂症)。这个 这项研究还将作为拟议的DSM-IV标准的实地试验。 将有两个SPD小组，每个小组30人：(1)第一- 精神分裂症先证者的程度亲属(FSPD)；和(2)门诊 无精神分裂症亲属的SPD(CSPD)。将有四个非社民党 对照组(n=30)：(1)非SPD一级亲属 精神分裂症先证者；(2)非精神分裂症患者的一级亲属 精神分裂症先证者；(3)非精神病科门诊患者 人格障碍；(4)有心理障碍的门诊患者和亲属 布罗克顿V.A.和一家门诊诊所的人格障碍 麦克莱恩医院。将在症状学和 易受攻击性标记(顺畅追踪眼动，威斯康星卡 分类测验、持续表现测验、恐惧广度、视觉 语言测试，以及语言和非语言取消测试)。一些人 比较将比较整个SPD样本(n=60)和整个 比较样本(n=120)，而其他比较将比较SPD 子组(即CSPD和FSPD)彼此之间以及特定的非SPD之间 比较组。包括“内表型”，如 心理生理和神经心理功能，这可能是 与精神分裂症有关，但在因果关系上与该基因“更接近”， 可能有助于解释SPD或SPD的某个子集与 精神分裂症。

Clinicians and researchers have sought to describe and define a personality type that shares some characteristics of schizophrenia as stable personality traits and shares a common genetic substrate. DSM-III consolidated these efforts by including Schizotypal Personality Disorder (SPD). Much work on SPD has focused on the association of various symptoms with the diagnosis. The proposed study will determine if cognitive and psychophysiological measures related to schizophrenia support the validity of SPD and evaluate the discriminative validity of the individual criteria. Because there is some evidence that SPD may identify a heterogeneous group, the study will also test a putative distinction between two types of SPD, one genetically related to schizophrenia (familial SPD) and another that is not (clinical SPD). The study will also serve as a field trial for proposed DSM-IV criteria. There will be two SPD subgroups with 30 in each subgroup: (1) first- degree relatives of schizophrenic probands (FSPDs); and (2) outpatient SPDs without schizophrenic relatives (CSPDs). There will be four non-SPD comparison groups (n=30 in each): (1) non-SPD first-degree relatives of schizophrenic probands; (2) non-SPD first-degree relatives of non- schizophrenic psychotic probands; (3) outpatients with non-SPD personality disorders; (4) outpatients and relatives with borderline personality disorders at the Brockton V.A. and an outpatient clinic at McLean Hospital. Groups will be compared on symptomatology and vulnerability markers (Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Continuous Performance Test, Span of Apprehension, Visual Verbal Test, and Verbal and Nonverbal Cancellation Test). Some comparisons will contrast the entire SPD sample (n=60) to the entire comparison sample (n=120), while other comparisons will compare SPD subgroups (i.e., CSPDs and FSPDs) to one another and to specific non-SPD comparison groups. The inclusion of "endophenotypes", such as psychophysiological and neuropsychological functions, that may be associated with schizophrenia, but be causally "closer" to the genotype, may help explicate the relationship of SPD, or some subset of SPD, to schizophrenia.