CONSTRAINTS ON COGNITIVE THEORIES OF PERFORMANCE

这项拟议中的研究验证了这样一个假设： 诸如语音、音乐和打字等领域涉及构建 心理表征人类行为的认知理论必须 联合收割机a）心理结构和知识单元与B）认知 检索过程的组织和实施， 性能绩效理论可以通过研究 生产错误：导致意外产出的性能故障。一 成功的理论将详细说明可能发生的错误类型， 对错误采取的形式的约束，以及 让他们沉淀。音乐行为提供了一个丰富的研究领域 表现背后的认知过程有了专门的设备， 方法学和计算机软件，我们现在可以精确地测量， 分析和再现音乐表演。描述了实验， 操纵的类型和数量的信息之前， 影响心理结构和用于计划的过程 性能生产错误的分布和背景提供了 测试证据：a）在表演之前是否存在心理计划，B） 组织表演的心理结构和过程， 以及c）心理结构和过程之间的相互依赖性。额外 实验研究了伴随习得的认知过程的变化 技能表现，以及是否了解绩效计划 影响音乐感知。潜在的心理结构和过程 音乐表演可以基于认知原则， 人类行为系统也是如此。

The proposed research tests the assumption that human performance in domains such as speech, music, and typing involves the construction of mental representations. A cognitive theory of human performance must combine a) mental structures and units of knowledge with b) cognitive retrieval processes for their organization and implementation in performance. Theories of performance can be tested through study of production errors: performance breakdowns resulting in unintended output. A successful theory will specify the kinds of errors likely to occur, constraints on the forms that errors take, and the conditions that precipitate them. Musical behavior provides a rich domain in which to study cognitive processes underlying performance. With specialized equipment, methodology, and computer software, we can now precisely measure, analyze,and reproduce music performance. Experiments are described that manipulate the type and amount of information available prior to performance, affecting the mental structures and processes used to plan performance. The distribution and context of production errors provides evidence to test: a) the existence of mental plans prior to performance, b) the mental structures and processes from which performance is organized, and c) interdependencies among mental structures and processes. Additional experiments address changes in cognitive processes accompanying acquisition of skilled performance, and whether or not knowledge of performance plans affects music perception. The mental structures and processes underlying music performance may be based on cognitive principles governing other human performance systems as well.