Highly Efficient Elastic Perovskite Solar Cells

基于有机-无机金属卤化物钙钛矿吸收剂的Percent太阳能电池彻底改变了全球太阳能研究，其功率转换效率从2009年的3.8%增加到2016年3月的22.1%。英国已经在PSC的研究和开发方面处于世界领先地位，牛津PV（牛津大学的一家分拆公司）的目标是在2017年将PSC推向市场。几乎所有关于PSC的研究报告都是基于刚性（玻璃）或柔性（聚合物或金属）基底。对于从机器人集成、假肢到曲面等广泛的有前景的应用来说，同时具有柔性和拉伸性是很重要的，即“弹性”太阳能电池。电子材料和制造方法，生产柔性，可拉伸，可折叠和防破坏的电源将彻底改变消费电子，生物医疗设备和机器人。由于物联网（IoT）的前所未有的发展，室内光收集最近引起了极大的关注，物联网（IoT）承诺未来各种各样的消费电子产品，家用设施，生物医疗器械以及机器人可以通过无线通信系统集成和控制，因此需要离网电源。然而，针对PSC室内应用的研究仍处于起步阶段。鉴于这些问题，拟议的项目旨在开发用于室内应用的高效机械弹性弹性PSC。拟议的研究将通过增加“拉伸性”的额外维度来扩展和补充英国的现有优势，从而产生下一代PSC。该项目旨在解决开发和制造高效弹性钙钛矿太阳能电池的挑战。本项目通过开发材料和制造方法来解决这个问题，当它们结合在一起时，将生产用于高效弹性装置的弹性部件。拟议的研究沿着解决这些挑战，将通过在低光照条件下节能和革命性地将钙钛矿光催化剂集成到机器人技术中，对室内光催化剂产生更广泛的影响。弹性PSC将彻底改变和扩大与移动部件和曲线表面集成的太阳能电池的应用基础，并在智能假肢，假肢皮肤，智能纺织品，消费电子产品和生物医学设备中具有潜在的应用。在项目期间开发的技术和材料将不仅限于PSC，而且将广泛适用于弹性太阳能电池和弹性电子产品的制造。该项目有可能模仿弹性电子和光电子行业的另一场革命，并引发包括室内光伏、机器人、可拉伸和可穿戴电子产品在内的各个领域的变革。

Perovskite solar cells based on organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite absorbers have revolutionized solar research worldwide with the steepest ever increase in power conversion efficiency from 3.8% in 2009 to 22.1% as of March 2016. UK is already leading the world in PSCs research and development with the Oxford PV (a spin out company from Oxford University) aiming to bring the PSCs into market by 2017. Almost all of the studies reported on PSCs are based on only rigid (glass) or flexible (polymer or metal) substrates. For a wide range of promising applications ranging from integration on robotics, prosthetic to curved surfaces - it is important to have both flexibility and stretchability - i.e 'elastic' solar cells. Electronic materials and methods of manufacturing that produces flexible, stretchable, collapsible, and fracture-proof sources of power would revolutionize costumer electronics, bio-medical devices and robotics. Indoor light harvesting has recently attracted great attention because of unprecedented development of Internet of Things (IoT) which promises a future where a wide variety of consumer electronics, household amenities, bio-medical appliances as well as robotics could be integrated with and controlled via wireless communication systems and hence demand off-grid power sources. However, research focusing on indoor applications of PSCs is still in its infancy. In the light of these issues, the project proposed aims to develop highly efficient mechanically resilient elastic PSCs for indoor applications. The proposed research will extend and complement the UK's existing strengths by adding additional dimension of 'stretchability' giving rise to a next generation of PSCs. The project proposed tackles the challenge of developing and manufacturing highly efficient elastic perovskite solar cells. The present project addresses this issue by developing materials and methods of manufacturing which, when combined, will produce elastic components for highly efficient elastic devices. The proposed research along with addressing these challenges, will have a wider impact on indoor photovoltaics by energy conservation at low light conditions and revolutionizing integration of perovskite photovoltaics to robotics. Elastic PSCs will revolutionize and widen the application base of solar cells integrated with moving parts and curvilinear surfaces with potential applications in intelligent prosthetic, prosthetic skin, smart textiles, consumer electronics, and biomedical devices. The techniques and materials developed during the project will not be limited to PSCs, but will have wider applicability to manufacturing of elastic solar cells and elastic electronics in general. The proposed project has the potential to emulate yet another revolution in the elastic electronics and photovoltaics industry and trigger transformation in various sectors including indoor photovoltics, robotics, stretchable and wearable electronics.