The UK Catalysis Hub - 'Science': 2 Catalysis at the Water-Energy Nexus

催化是科学的核心领域，是化学工业的核心，是整个英国经济的一个非常成功和重要的组成部分，近年来英国的年产量总计超过500亿英镑，在世界上排名第七。面对世界范围内的激烈竞争，这一地位得以保持。对于英国来说，保持其领先地位至关重要的是保持研究创新，为此英国于2013年成立了英国催化中心；在过去的四年中，它成功地汇集了40多个大学小组，在当代科学的这一关键领域开展创新和合作研究项目。该中心的成功可归因于其包容和开放的精神，自2013年成立以来，许多团体加入了该网络；对合作的高度重视；以及位于哈维尔校区的物理中心，靠近钻石同步加速器、ISIS中子源和中央激光设施，其在催化科学方面的成功开发是该中心最近科学的一个主要特点。催化中心的下一阶段将以这一成功为基础，在保留当前中心的主要特征和结构的同时，将在国内和国际上扩展其项目。未来的中心结构将包括一个核心项目，该项目将协调中心的科学主题，在下一阶段的初始阶段将包括：-优化，预测和设计新的催化剂-水-能源关系的催化-循环经济和可持续制造的催化-生物催化和生物转化。本项目涉及这些主题中的第二个主题，其总体目标是发展催化过程和技术，以解决清洁水、更有效地利用/增值水系统和使用水作为反应介质或试剂的问题。这个主题大大扩展了英国催化中心第一阶段的能源和环境主题的研究，并开辟了新的研究途径，并将生命周期分析和模拟科学作为贯穿实验计划其余部分的线索。主题将包括以下主要工作包：-处理高离子强度废水；-催化处理以减少膜的生物污染；-用于水和废水处理的节能催化高级氧化工艺；-在水中和与水的催化转化；-废水产生的能源和燃料；-生命周期可持续性评价；——造型。该项目将与其他中心科学项目密切互动。中心结构本质上是多学科的，包括工程和科学学科的广泛投入，不同主题之间有很强的互动和交叉施肥。专题结构将允许Hub涵盖当前催化科学的主要领域

Catalysis is a core area of science that lies at the heart of the chemicals industry - an immensely successful and important part of the overall UK economy, where in recent years the UK output has totalled over £50B annually and is ranked 7th in the world. This position is being maintained in the face of immense competition worldwide. For the UK to sustain its leading position it is essential that innovation in research is maintained, to achieve which the UK Catalysis Hub was established in 2013; and has succeeded over the last four years in bringing together over 40 university groups for innovative and collaborative research programmes in this key area of contemporary science. The success of the Hub can be attributed to its inclusive and open ethos which has resulted in many groups joining its network since its foundation in 2013; to its strong emphasis on collaboration; and to its physical hub on the Harwell campus in close proximity to the Diamond synchrotron, ISIS neutron source and Central Laser Facility, whose successful exploitation for catalytic science has been a major feature of the recent science of the Hub.The next phase of the Catalysis Hub will build on this success and while retaining the key features and structure of the current hub will extend its programmes both nationally and internationally. The future hub structure will comprise a core programme which will coordinate the scientific themes of the Hub, which in the initial stages of the next phase will comprise:- Optimising, predicting and designing new catalysts - - Catalysis at the water - energy nexus- Catalysis for the Circular Economy and Sustainable Manufacturing- Biocatalysis and bio-transformations.The present project concerns the second of these themes whose overall aim is to develop catalytic processes and technology to address the issues of clean water, more efficient utilisation/valorisation of water systems and the use of water as a reaction medium or reagent. This theme significantly expands on research from the energy and environmental themes of phase 1 of the UK Catalysis Hub as well as opening up new avenues of research and the incorporation of life cycle analysis and simulation science as strands running through the rest of the experimental programme. The theme will comprise the following main work packages: - Treatment of High Ionic Strength Waste Water;- Catalytic treatment to reduce biofouling of membranes;- Energy-efficient catalytic advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment;- Catalytic transformations in and with water;- Energy and fuels from waste water;- Life cycle sustainability assessment;- Modelling.The project will interact strongly with the other hub science projects. The Hub structure is intrinsically multidisciplinary including extensive input from engineering as well as science disciplines and with strong interaction and cross-fertilisation between the different themes. The thematic structure will allow then Hub to cover the major areas of current catalytic science