Inception of the Chemical Elements

研究宇宙历史上星系的化学演化对于我们理解支配星系形成的物理过程是至关重要的。在接下来的几年里，詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜(JWST)和多目标近红外光谱仪(MONS)等变革性仪器有望给这一领域带来革命性的变化。在我最近从VANDELS调查中成功地研究了2.5&lt；z&lt；5.0星系的恒星金属性质的基础上，我建议建立一个研究小组，充分开发这种下一代仪器的潜力。该建议的三个主要科学目标可概括如下：(1)建立对z=3.5的星系恒星金属丰度的完整了解；(2)通过利用JWST的变换能力，将星系的金属丰度研究扩展到红移范围4&lt；z&lt；10；以及(3)首次研究环境对1&lt；z&lt；3银河系恒星金属丰度与卫星的关系。这些目标将通过利用我最近的出版历史以及我在VANDELS调查、三个大型JWST第一周期计划和月球GTO调查月出中的领导作用来实现。除了这些核心观测目标外，我的团队还将开发新的最先进的方法，用于与宇宙模拟进行准确的比较，超越简单的参数比较，构建完全真实的模拟观测。总而言之，这项提议的目的是建立一个具有跨学科技能的研究团队，以充分利用即将到来的变革性数据集，并通过与宇宙学模拟进行详细比较来最大限度地发挥它们的潜力。这个项目将极大地增强我们对宇宙在宇宙时间的前6个回转期间的化学演化的理解--绘制元素周期表的天体物理起源图。

Studying the chemical evolution of galaxies across the history of the Universe is central to our efforts to understand the physical processes governing galaxy formation. Over the coming years, transformative instruments such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the Multi-Object Near-infrared Spectrograph (MOONS) promise to revolutionise the field. Building on my recent success investigating the stellarmetallicities of galaxies at 2.5 < z < 5.0 from the VANDELS survey, I propose to construct a research team that will fully exploit the potential of this next generation of instruments. The three primary science goals of the proposal can be summarized as follows: (i) to establish a complete understanding of galaxy stellar metallicities at z = 3.5; (ii) to extend the study of galaxy metallicities into the redshift range 4 < z < 10 by exploiting the transformative capabilities of JWST; and (iii) to perform the first investigations of the environment dependence on galaxy stellar metallicities at 1 < z < 3 with MOONS. These goals will be made possible by leveraging my recent publication history, as well as my leading roles within the VANDELS survey, three large JWST Cycle 1 programs, and the MOONS GTO survey MOONRISE. In addition to these core observational goals, my team will also develop novel state-of-the-art methods for performing accurate comparisons with cosmological simulations, moving beyond simple parameter comparisons and constructing fully realistic mock observations. In summary, the aim of this proposal is to build a research team with the interdisciplinary skills necessary to fully exploit upcoming transformative datasets and maximise their potential by performing detailed comparisons with cosmological simulations. This project will significantly enhance our understanding of the chemical evolution of the Universe over the first 6 Gyr of cosmic time - charting the astrophysical origin of the periodic table of elements.