Formalising Expressive Morphology

表达性--说话者对话语的观点的信号--一直被认为是语言的次要功能，但最近的研究表明，它比以前认为的要结构化得多。一个突出的观点认为，表达意义是由“标记形态”（MM），即功能语素出现在一个偏离（标记）的结构位置传达。然而，缺乏系统的调查是一个严重的障碍，我们的理解的确切编码的表达在人类语言。FEMOR项目的目标是双重的，即i）对表达性策略进行深入的比较研究，以及B）在最近被高度看好的理论方向上对这种新的经验知识进行理论分析，以实现形态句法中表达意义的形式化。南非荷兰语和荷兰语构成了本研究的一个理想的研究领域，因为a）它们都有两种具有表达意义的MM的明确表现形式，B）只有南非荷兰语在一个共同的（语言内部无标记的）形态过程中表现出表达性，即重叠（RE）。FEMOR项目通过系统地收集MM和RE的形态句法数据，并在进行详细的形式化分析之前对数据进行探索性统计分析，将在形态句法中表达意义的形式化方面取得重大进展，并加深我们对表达成分的语用化和语法化的理解。

Expressivity - the signalling of the speaker's perspective on the utterance - has long been considered a secondary function oflanguage, but recent work shows that it is far more structured than previously thought. A prominent proposal argues that expressivemeaning is conveyed by 'marked morphology' (MM), i.e. functional morphemes which appear in a deviant (marked) structuralposition. However, the scarcity of systematic investigations is a serious obstacle for our understanding of the exact encoding ofexpressivity in human language. The goal of the FEMOR-project is two-fold, namely i) conduct an in-depth comparative study onexpressivity strategies, and b) couch the theoretical analysis of this new empirical knowledge in the recently taken highly promisingtheoretical direction towards the formalization of expressive meaning in morphosyntax. Afrikaans and Dutch form an ideal empiricaldomain for this research as a) they share two clear manifestations of MM with expressive meaning, and b) only Afrikaans also displaysexpressivity in a common (language-internally unmarked) morphological process, i.e reduplication (RE). By i) systematically collectingdata on the morphosyntax of MM and RE, and ii) analysing the data with exploratory statistical techniques prior to developing adetailed formal analysis, the FEMOR-project will make significant progress in the formalization of expressive meaning inmorphosyntax, and deepen our understanding of the pragmaticalization and grammaticalization of expressive elements.